Redundant language: feminist women, ethical sluts
You're welcome to give me grief for quibbling over terminology but in the last couple of days I've had some overlapping epiphanies and I'd like to share them. Both involve qualifying terms and, I propose, artificial or obsolete distinctions.
I'm not sure which to tackle first so since "artificial" comes first in the alphabet I'm going to go with that first.
The other day Amber of Being Amber Rhea tackled the word "slut" again. Slut is one of those words a lot of people hate and a smaller number of people try to wear with pride.
So, first ask yourself: what is your definition of "slut"? (If you've already gotten past using it as an insult, this section doesn't apply to you, since you've already done the hard work.) Your answer might be something like, "A girl who gives it away," or, "a girl who has sex with lots of guys" - something like that. Then go a step further and ask yourself, "Okay, well why is [whatever your definition is] bad?" More and more questions will follow, which you should continue to ask and answer.
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It's not enough to just go along with neatly packaged, widely accepted sexual mores just because you've never had occasion to call them into question. You should call them into question. Why make decisions (and judgments) based on beliefs you haven't even bothered to examine, but have just accepted at face value?
So, what's my reclaimed definition of "slut"? A slut is someone who is self-determined, secure in his/her own sexuality, and who does what s/he has found to be right for himself/herself, regardless of whether it's right for others. Concurrently, s/he doesn't begrudge others the right to make different choices. Whatever s/he does (or doesn't do), it's because it's what s/he wants; s/he won't be pushed around.
You can see that this definition includes nothing about number of partners, type of clothing worn, gender, sexual orientation, etc. By this definition a virgin could be a slut (and apparently, some are). To be a slut is to be sexually liberated - it has nothing to do with how much or what type of sex you have.
So my problem with this very lucid attempt at redefinition implicitly implies that a "slut" is a special class of woman (and, most people who use this definition would say, men) where "regular" non-slut women or men are... what? Standard issue? Normal? *Preferable?*
I'm not singling out Amber when I say sorry, I don't get it. I think what most people mean when they use that word is "sexually self-determined and fulfilled." That's certainly what Easton and Listz had in mind when they wrote the classic in the field, The Ethical Slut.
But here's the thing. Being sexually self-determined and fulfilled doesn't really strike me as a departure from what ought to be *normal* and in that sense it's an implicit acceptance that the "shouldn't" that have been imposed on people. Rather than being an aspect one takes on through effort, it's a series of artificial distinctions that one casts off.
To this extent and this extent only I'm more comfortable with the traditional definition of a slut as someone who's fishtailed the other way, merely inverting the conventional "shouldn't" and trying to turn it into "should" instead. In other words rather than seeking the equilibrium of natural, uninfluenced desires that Amber, Easton and Listz, and countless others describe, tread beyond their natural desires in much the same way others attempt to deny them. I would argue that, by definition, neither undercompensating nor overcompensating is normal.
My point, then, is that I'd rather we began using the baseline-normal words: "women" and "men," for baseline sexual self-determination and fulfillment and reserve the words "inhibited" or "slut" for those who depart from that baseline. (Final note: since overcompensation is far more common in stereotype-influenced men than women, my proposed use for the word "slut" would be genuinely applicable across genders.")
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Actually I'm glad I tackled "slut" first because I think it nicely lays the groundwork for my next item: the redundancy of saying "feminist woman" or "feminist man."
In the 19th and 20th Century it made a world of sense to adopt the word "feminist" to distinguish one's self from ordinary women. Ordinary women's lives were the pits. If they could work at all they were paid less -- often far less -- than men. They couldn't vote, for heaven's sake! They often couldn't sign contracts, own property, collect inheritances, get credit, expect to be able to go in public unescorted without harassment. They were deemed weak, subject to humors, secondary, meek, and subservient to men. They were expected to guard their hymens with their lives, to marry as virgins, to be "given away" by their fathers to their husbands. They weren't allowed to smoke, drink, ride horses the normal way, and God Forbid if they expressed enthusiasm for sex even after marriage. And while women were pedistalized as bastions of virtue and beauty they were generally treated like shit. Back then if you thought all that crap was bullshit it made a lot of sense to distinguish one's self from other women because... the majority of women agreed wholeheartedly (at least publicly) with the status quo. So back then it made sense to distinguish one's self from ordinary men and women with a special label like "feminist."
Here's the deal though. I just said it used to make sense to distinguish one's self as a feminist because the overwhelming majority of men and women had antedeluvian conceptions of women? Those people are now in the minority now. They're a nasty minority, yes, and a vocal, angry, and all too often violent minority, but a minority never the less.
But look at us all now. The vast, vast majority of men and women in Western Civilization are "feminists, but..." now. Even The Patriarchy is stunningly "feminist, but..." For instance I happen to think Vice President Richard (Dick) Cheney is at the apex of the patriarchy yet he hasn't shot his daughter in the face for her sexual orientation or the equalitarian politics she (generally) practices. Look at former Vice President J. Danforth (Dan) Quayle who said in a mainsteam media interview that he'd respect his daughter's decision if she ever chose to have an abortion. Even Phyllis Schlaffley, the 70's era bastion of "women belong in the home" had a significant career outside of the home, leaving her children to be raised by nannies and housecleaners while she made a huge pile of money crusading for that which she never practiced herself. Look at the otherwise troglodyte legislators and pundits and talk-radio wingnuts who, if they have daughters of their own, qualify their terms and become outraged when their partners or daughters or mothers or aunts are treated as second-class citizens.
Finally consider that for every one self-described feminist there are somewhere between a dozen and a hundred women who say "I'm not a feminist but..." and then describe nearly every non-separatist feminist objective under the sun. A lot of us think that's lemons. I'm starting to think that maybe it's time we started making lemonade.
If we're in the majority why should *we* bear the burden of special labels? When *they're* (deservedly) in the dwindling minority why on earth should we permit them to retain the unqualified terms for normalcy? Why should we hand them a rhetorical stick to beat us with when they're the ones in need of correction.
My point is that since we're the normal majority now why don't we drop the distinction and start calling ourselves plain old unqualified "women" and "men" and hang an appropriate label on them? Instead of distinguishing ourselves as "feminist women" and "feminist men" why not do a little marketing and brand them with some appropriate qualifier like, say, "subservience men and women?" Or patriarchialist men and women? Or Second-classers? Let them struggle with qualifications for a while and see how they like it! (And no, don't you *dare* suggest letting them get away with "traditional men and women!")
Look yourself in the mirror and try saying it yourself. "I'm a woman so like all normal women of course I believe in the right to reproductive self-determination." "I'm a man so of course like all normal men I believe in equal pay for equal work." It might feel a little unfamiliar at first but I've been playing with it for a couple of days now and it feels pretty powerful. It' especially powerful because I think it'll be a no-brainer to convince all the "I'm not a feminist, but I believe in equal pay and reproductive self-determination" to make the switch. I mean, they're already there in everything but name and switching from "I'm not a feminist but..." to "I'm a woman/man so..." is going to give them a hell of a lot more power.
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Again, please don't get me wrong. I'm not saying there's anything wrong with the word "feminist." Not at all, at all, and no amount of jackassery from 10,000 Rush Limbaugh clones is going to change that. And if I'm mistaken that the qualifier is still important I'd be proud to wear the label "feminist man" if feminists are willing to have me. And one way or another I passionately believe that full and equal rights and responsibilities for all men and women is a just, morally correct, and (I believe) inevitable social, personal, and family good. I just happen to feel that the time has come for people who believe in those things to graduate to unqualified "men and women" because tag, we're it, we're no longer practicing the piano, we're playing it (to borrow an old George Carlin one-liner.)
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Finally, whether you believe me or not, whether you accept me or not, whether you think it's time or not, I'd like to ask you for help me begin to brand the people who really need branding, the men and women who really need qualifying, the ones who think women shouldn't be given bank accounts, or own businesses, or sign contracts without a man's co-signature, the ones who believe women shouldn't have the same reproductive freedoms men have, the ones who believe men are inherently superior to women, the now-radical, now-revolutionary troglodytes who want to turn the clock back to pre-history, the ones who deny the role women played in the early Christian church and therefore deny them roles today as ministers and priests... the ones who are now misappropriating the unqualified and undeserved labels of "normal men and women."
Whether you believe it's time to stop using the word feminist I think most of you would agree we need to start labeling them to distinguish them from normal, ordinary, decent men and women.
Earlier I proposed "subservience men and women," "patriarchist men and women," and "second-classist men and women." I have enough experience with corporate branding campaigns to know that any one of those could be made to work, possibly well enough that they'd start using it themselves, but I'd prefer something that would stick a little harder and be a little harder for them to peel off again.
One way or another the brush is in our hands now and the tar is waiting to be liberally spread. Comments are now open. I'll promote your suggestions with a big thank you. (And accept your admonitions and criticisms with very real humility -- posts like this scare me to death.)



...posts like this scare me to death
You've done quite a few stomach churning things over the past few years, Figleaf, so I am not surprised you've challenged this Goliath. I will write more later, since I have a deadline to meet this morning. However, I could readily give you a list of websites I no longer visit because of the feminist bashing, e.g. "feminazi ' being one of the more prejorative terms used by so-called normal men and women.
I became a feminist 36 years ago (yes, I've been a feminist longer than some of your readers have been alive) because I considered it the only socio-political movement that would benefit all people -- men, women and children. And in my view, feminism is inseparable from the civil rights movement, because the Civil Rights Act of 1968 is the statutory basis for the class action lawsuits that improved working conditions for women, as well as minorities. In the city in which I live, the legislators who supported better health care for women and children as well as abortion rights were African-American men, and they have my sincere gratitude to this day.
I look forward to reading the comments that will be posted here, as well as your responses. And you have my sincere gratitude for writing this post.
Kochanie
[You've got me beat but not by much, I became a feminist roughly 35 years ago for exactly the same reasons you did. Back then it made a world of sense to have a formal label like "feminist" not only because what we wanted was so different from the status quo but also because the alternative was the flip and therefore deprecating label "women's lib" or "women's libbers." I'm just saying that now the shoes on the other foot. (The *women's wrongs" foot no less.) Anyway, Kochanie, I'm so comforted that you're so accepting. Thank you. --fl]
you know, I started writing here but it got too long. I ended up posting my response to this in my own journal.
Look at what you have started fl! You're one in a million, really! :)
[Thanks, M. I read your post and I recognize how unaware I have been of the debates between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd-wave feminists over terminology. I don't mean to interfere with that debate but I still feel it's better to brand the militant "women's wrongs" activists than it is to refine the terminology for different factions of the mainstream majority who enjoy the progress we've been making since the 1960s, would like to see more of it, and *definitely* don't want to see more of the old wrongs reimposed or brand new ones (e.g. husband notification for abortion? hello? What tradition does that come from?) introduced. --fl]
I'm kind of through with all the operant defintions, maybe I'm getting too old for it, maybe it's the same arguments (they push forth or try to) and the terms are never fully explanantory anyway, they're always ambiguous - for academics to sell more books, and on it goes.
Patriarchy is one word that really gets me, it's used all the time and it's used to define a wholly male dominant society, when the reality is that women did stand there as well, it takes two to tango, always.
Slut is a term that I got to know as a late teen (the idea of girls 'giving it away to someone other than their possible/potential partner), and it was a word that I'd use to stress over as a late teen, especially after I did the wild thing, thinking 'oh what will he think?' and then I noticed the double standards and yes, I'd have my moments and ultimately became tired of the intellectual debates centred on feminism (primarily 'western' woman's feminism, and I'll go further to say white caucasian feminism that dominated the Nineties with Paglia, Faludi, Wolf that I could't essentially relate to because it was all a bunch of endless bitching with no real change).
I agree with you, in that feminism can't be separated from Civil Rights, it also can't be separated from human rights. What occurs to one gender, either one, (exploitation, crime, rape etc), will affect the other. One gender isn't more special than the other, both have equal issues that are important.
[More to the point, what happens to one gender doesn't just affect the other, the same things are happening to the other gender all the time! Exploitation, yep. Rape, yep. Crime? Yep. (People are still joking about sexual exploitation of boys as though only girls are vulnerable and therefore "special.") I want to be clear that, unlike a lot of "men's rights activists" I'm not saying "well, men have a hard time too." I'm saying that victims are chosen largely based on vulnerability, not gender, and our gender stereotypes neutralize or deflect our responses in all directions. Thanks, Anastasia. --fl]
Obviously I think my description of my new slut definition should be the norm, the default. But sadly that is not the reality in our current society - people have so many hang-ups and misconceptions about sex, and until we get past all that crap, the people who are actually sexually enlightened (I don't like that phrase, but it's early and I can't think of a more apt one) will be the exception rather than the rule.
Amber:
As well-intentioned as your new definition is, it takes more than intention to change the etymology of a word and two thousand years of negative connotations. Add to that the unappealing sound of the word, and I think that "slut" will always be connected with her/his ungainly Middle English brethen: slur, slug, and slop. No sarcasm intended, Amber. That's just the way the word sounds to my ear.
However, the meanings of words do change, in most cases slowly over time. If a meaning changes in a short period of time, the change has been galvanized by an event. For example, the abbreviated Cajun was derived from the displacement of settlers from Acadia. Or the prejorative Yankee which the American colonists adopted in the years leading up to the Revolutionary War.
Figleaf:
If you want to have a new name or "brand" to apply to those opposed to women's rights, or supporting women's wrongs, I think that you will need an event that would galvanize the name. Otherwise it will lack momentum and staying power. However, I realize you know more about branding than I ever will, so correct me if I am wrong.
Anastasia:
I think you have to separate the feminism as presented by the publishing world vs. front line, in the trenches, social feminism that continues to this day. Authors have to make sure their books sell, and if their agents recommend a few sweeping generalizations that will render stunning full page ads in The New York Times Book Review, an author who shuns this advice is sending her progeny to Remainderland. If you want evidence of feminism at work, I will be glad to supply it in the form of local organizations that disburse funds to poor women who cannot pay for abortions, since in the U.S. the cost of abortions cannot be paid with federally funded welfare or healthcare. Or in the form of local employers who adopted generous family leave policies well before they were mandated by law, simply because they knew that such benefits make for a better workplace and a more productive workforce.
I agree that patriarchy could never have lasted as long as it did without the support of women. But I know for a fact that I was able to gain entrance into a previously male-dominated profession because of a small group of women who persisted and organized 75 years ago. In the 1930's there were less than 50 women certified public accountants in the US. To practice as a CPA, one must, along with passing qualifying exams, have a certain amount of experience in the practice of accountancy. No national firms would hire these women, so they worked without pay in order to meet the experience requirements. Many of them eventually took positions in private industry or opened their own firms. But when I was beginning my career thirty years ago, it was not unusual for me to be the only woman in a managers' meeting. Very few of my female peers have gone through their careers without encountering sexual harassment. Based on my experience, the world I entered 50 years ago was patriarchal in both the personal and professional realms.
Figleaf:
We have to admit there has been an unfortunate trend towards male-bashing in some feminist groups, particularly in academia. This is what has caused the "feminist, but" syndrome. I do not know of any cure except denouncing the bashing of any group, per se. This is why I am reluctant to endorse branding, if it comes too close to name-calling.
Instead of creating new terms, can we look to the past? Isn't egalitarianism what we're really hoping for? or does that have negative connotations too?
FL, sorry for the excessive word count, but long posts engender long comments.
[There's lots of space on the server, Kochanie. Don't worry about taking up too much space. As for the particulars I agree with and/or accept the points you've made. Thank you. --fl]
Kochanie,
I know how language change works - I have a degree in linguistics. I wasn't advocating burning all the dictionaries and replacing the definition of "slut" with what I want the definition to be. But I think there is power in reclaiming something that's been used negatively and turning it around. The LGBT community has done this with slurs leveled against them by ignorant outsiders. Why not sluts, too?
[I guess for me the difference is that slur-appropriations *might* be, well, appropriate for more immutable qualities such as orientation, religion, or race but (I maintain) the qualities you're trying to define describe an unqualified state of being that (I maintain) isn't achieved through the effort of adding qualities but discarding artificial ones. We already have words for an unqualified way of being and they are "men" and "women." It's far more important for me to expand the definition of normal to include, well, *normal, healthy sexuality* than take any other word and try to get everyone to agree that *that's* normal. I'd far rather put that effort into defining qualities such as artificial inhibition *out* of the word for normal. See what I'm saying? It's not that I don't appreciate your intention or that of all the other people who are attracted to reappropriating the word slut, I just think it preserves artificial qualities in the definition of normalcy. Thanks, Amber. --fl]
Amber:
When I referred to etymology and connotations, I was not trying to be condescending. If I disagree with you, I owe you the courtesy of giving you specific reasons. I do not have your background in linguistics, but as one who reads and writes poetry, I recognize the power of words, and a lot of that power comes from their origins. Some writers from the LGBT community will refer to themselves as literary dykes, which is their choice. I think Lesbian is the better word because it evokes images of Lesbos and Sappho.
Let's agree to disagree on the terminology, but know that if your goal is women and men who are secure in their own sexuality, you have my full support.
Kochanie
[Thanks, Kochanie. --fl]