Evolutionary Psychology As Artifact of the Sexual Revolution

Thu, 2010-01-28 14:34

Boy, where would Evolutionary Psychology and its more deterministic uncle Sociobiology be without the sexual revolution?

All that seed-spreading. All that “natural promiscuity” among men. All that “natural reticence” (coughRule Number Onecough) in women.

What do you suppose it would have looked like if it had been proposed not in 1975 but in, say, 1875. That was at the height… but also near the end… of the 3,000-year-old male-chastity and semen-conservation movement when Kellogg’s corn flakes and Graham’s flour and crackers were sold over the counter as it were to promote what was then the very, very popular idea of sexual and seminal “continence” in men. What if it had been proposed in India today, where Ayurvedic medical theory still holds that semen is a vital essence, even single drops of which are expended only at a man’s peril?

What if it had been proposed by the ancient Greek athletes, warriors, philosopher, and physicians?

What if it had been proposed in the U.S. or England as recently as 1957?!?!?

I’m… pretty sure you’d hear all manner of research “proving” that instead of profligately screwing anything that moved and then moving on you’d hear earnest, intent, and scrupulously collated research papers “proving” that men value marriage as a way to insure the products of their “investments” of precious-bodily fluids were kept safe and healthy until they reached their own reproductive years. I’m sure you’d hear “just so” stories about how harem-owning Sultans and polygamist Mormons did their level best to sequester and impregnate their myriad wives as conservatively as possible in order to protect their own health. I’m also pretty sure Satoshi Kanazawa would still be implying that Russian women are whores, but based instead on suppositions about their “evolutionary” desire to ruthlessly and promiscuously extract as much semen as possible from as many men as possible.

In other words there still might be such a thing as evolutionary psychology but I’m pretty sure that when it came to research human sexual behavior it would look almost completely different than it does today.

For one thing I’m pretty sure it wouldn’t be so single-mindedly obsessed with proving that sexual attitudes that are scarcely more than a century old… and possibly less than 35 years old!... have been the sexual status quo since time out of mind.

Which, I might add, the highly-contingent timing of evolutionary psychology and sociology don’t undermine the concept that components of behavior are shaped by selective pressure. Such behavior is clearly demonstrable in animals and even plants. And it’s very hard to imagine human behaviors, even sexual ones, weren’t similarly shaped.

It does however tend to undermine many of their most often-repeated, and lurid, popular, and bias-confirming hypotheses about gender.

Hm. Social psychology was

Submitted by The Beautiful Kind (not verified) on Thu, 2010-01-28 15:01.

Hm. Social psychology was pretty much established right after WWII, when people wondered what the heck was up with all those heinous atrocities committed by supposedly normal people. Social psych is the study of normal human behavior. If you could only use one word to describe social psych, it would be INFLUENCE.

Makes me wonder what sparked evolutionary psych, when that happened, and what one word would sum it up.

[And incidentally the term “sociobiology” goes back to around the same time — it was coined in 1946. It didn’t take off, though, till E.O. Wilson’s book of the same name came out in 1975. If you want to know what one (compound) word I think could describe ev-psych it would be male promiscuity. :-) —fl]

Also of interest,

Submitted by Geekgirl (not verified) on Fri, 2010-01-29 10:09.

Also of interest, sociobiology arose in response to the massive failure of Social Darwinism, which was considered a legitimate branch of sociology throughout most of the late 19th century and into the 20th. We remember Social Darwinism chiefly for it’s racism and classism, but there’s very little in the history I’ve read regarding how it portrayed women and gender. Of course Social Darwinism would be intersecting with a number of Victorian ideas about the role of women and it’s quite possible there was a lot of cognitive dissonance. E.g. saying “All women are angels; all black people (or Chinese people or poor people or whoever else is declared unfit) are savages,” and not bothering to think about black women or poor women or Chinese women at all.

[”...and not bothering to think about black women or poor women or Chinese women at all.” I think that’s pretty much sums up why it wasn’t much considered its own topic. Which sort of makes sense if the, well, sense at the time was that women were auxiliaries to men. Also I’m not surprised that sociobiology would have arisen out of social Darwinism since they share an awful lot of the same (sociological) characteristics and suffer from a tendency to overlook the same methodological flaws. Thanks, Geekgirl. —fl]

I find the topic of this post

Submitted by Anonymous (not verified) on Fri, 2010-01-29 07:38.

I find the topic of this post interesting, however I really wish you were more clear about your points. You want to show that evolutionary psych is a product of the sexual revolution yet all of your examples deal with how evolutionary psych might be different if conceived of in a different time period. Although interesting to think about the ‘what if’s, you have no examples supporting your initial claim.

[Good point, Anonymous. I shouldn’t have assumed that passers by would be as familiar with some of the tropes of pop ev-psych, and therefore as familiar with perpetual claims that relationship-forming behavior derives from “hunter/gatherer” men’s “natural” promiscuity and women’s “natural” conservatism. And you’re right that all I did in this post is point out that before the sexual revolution of the late 1960s and early 1970s evolutionary psychology would have started from very different assumptions and therefore would have tended to draw very different conclusions. If I have time today I’ll dig up some examples, but see for instance David Barash. Thanks for the nudge. —fl]

User login