abstinence

When It Comes to Assessing Abstinence the Metric Isn't Rate of Failure, It's Rate of Use

Mon, 2011-09-05 18:19

Lynn Gazis-Sax points out that the problem with comparing abstinence with other forms of birth control or safer sex isn't about the typical vs. ideal failure rate of the method. As methods go, abstinence is an almost* 100% effective.

Instead what's important is the typical vs. ideal rate of use. (Emphasis mine.)

One flaw in arguments for abstinence is that they often compare perfect use effectiveness rates for abstinence with typical use effectiveness rates for contraception. Maggie Gallagher, for example, places great emphasis, when speaking of contraception, on the typical use failure rates, to supply an estimate that your chances of getting pregnant if you use the Pill are actually not that low. And she has a point. If you assume a typical use effectiveness rate, for the Pill, of around 92%, and if you further note that that typical use effectiveness rate is the chance that you successfully avoid getting pregnant for just one year, the chance that you will ever be pregnant, over the course of your entire reproductive life, while you were attempting to avoid pregnancy with the Pill, may not be that small. The same is true of condoms, which have a lower typical use effectiveness rate than the Pill.

...

Condoms are better at preventing AIDS than abstinence is, for the simple reason that, however often people may fail to use condoms, they fail to abstain even more often. And most methods of birth control have a better “typical use” success rate than abstinence, in the sense that people are much better at using birth control mostly reliably than they are at abstaining from sex until they’re ready for kids.

Source: Noli Irritare Leones

* Lynn mentions the obvious case where it didn't work when Mary had Jesus, and pretty much by-definition abstinence isn't effective for someone forced to have sex against her or his will.

More Traditional Values is to Women's Blues After Sex as More Cold, Wet Bedding is to Hypothermia

Mon, 2011-04-04 14:52

Uggh! Hugo Schwyzer says

My friend Monica sent me a link to this MSNBC story: Post-coital blues plague a third of young women. Based on a very small sample of 200 young Australians, researchers at the Queensland Institute of Technology found that 1 in 3 women had felt post-intercourse melancholy at least once, and 1 in 10 experienced it regularly.

It’s easy to point out the obvious problem with the study: the sample is very small, for instance, and the focus on intercourse to the exclusion of other forms of sexual activity is problematic. But the real impact of these studies is in how the mainstream media report them, and the danger here is that a small and relatively inconclusive project can get framed as “sex makes women sad.”

Source: Hugo Schwyzer

Hugo nicely dismantles the inclination that makes conservatives say "but of course!"

I'd like to briefly dismantle the logic:

My guess is that a report saying instead that between two thirds and nine tenths of all women usually or always feel good after intercourse — or even that they just don’t feel bad — would make an awful lot of tradition mongers somewhere between unhappy and outright angry.

But let’s take the assertion as a given and spend even five seconds reflecting on how “traditional” attitudes might affect women’s experience of intercourse. I can think of three right off the bat.

First: the traditionalist model of sex as transactional — women “sacrifice” sex, gratifying their husband’s “needs” in exchange for financial and even physical support. And since under that model women’s experience of sex is intended to fall somewhere on a spectrum from the obligation to pay rent and the chore of mopping the kitchen the surprise is not that a third would feel depressed but that two thirds wouldn’t! (And let’s not even talk about the letdown women are supposed to feel if the task of “pre-marital” intercourse doesn’t shorten the time to a marriage proposal.) Ugh!

Second: there’s not much margin for success in the traditionalist model of sex as romantic fulfillment of True Love wherein if bells don’t ring, especially the first time, then something’s wrong with the relationship.

Three: in the traditionalist model of sex women aren’t the “gatekeepers” of MRA mythology but goalies against which men may only win by “scoring” or at worst tie by not scoring whereas women may only lose by being “scored” against or at best tie by preventing a score. Thus in the traditional model the same act that leads a man to celebrate leads to women’s shame.

And yet in each case the conservative traditionalist’s proposal is more tradition — more sense of fee for service, more romantic idealism, and more shame and loss. No surprise then that their proposed solution for poverty is more privation.

Screw that!

Christine O'Donnell on Sex: "You're going to stop the whole country from having sex?" "Yes."

Thu, 2010-09-16 12:03

Via Daily Kos there's evidently a Joe Scarborough radio program transcript from Nov. 13th, 2002, where Delaware Senate candidate Christine O'Donnell answers a question bluntly and, I think, truthfully.


O'DONNELL: The sad reality is — yes, there is something you can do about it. And the sad reality, to tell them slap on a condom is not (CROSSTALK) NIES: You're going to stop the whole country from having sex? O'DONNELL: Yes. Read the quote in context here.

If I can find more of the transcript online I'll post it. But the bottom line is, you know when you hear people talk about other people being "sex negative?" I think that's what we're looking at here. I'd add that contrary to what a lot of alt-sex activists claim, it's actually really, really hard to find someone who's actually, categorically anti-sex. And as Heather Corrina has pointed out in conversation and, I think, on line, the reason it's hard to find people who are literally anti-sex is that most people who criticize certain behaviors actually have fairly positive views about certain kinds of sex. Among so-called "sex-negative feminists" there might be opposition to certain forms of sex that are considered, say, unilaterally rather than consensually exploitive or abusive. But within the limits of comfort, safety, respect, and perhaps partners with whom they have affinity they can be outright gleefully, enthusiastically-consensually positive about it. So even there the notion of "sex negative" tends to be pretty bogus. And I'm willing to be open-minded about O'Donnell about that, and I'm actually actively working on finding counterevidence for some form of sexual behavior she doesn't just begrudge or tolerate or believe is required for survival (e.g. to "keep" a husband once you're married.) So far no luck — even in marriage it doesn't sound like she thinks it should be, would be, or possibly even could be a mutually, non-dutifully fulfilling experience. But I'll post it if I can find it.

Speaking of Virginity, Does Jessica Grose Really Think You Shouldn't Speak of It?

Wed, 2010-06-23 16:41

Shelby Knox of The (Ms) Education of Shelby Knox really jumps hard on Slate’s Double XX editor Jessica Grose, who posted what Knox calls “a misguided, finger-wagging analysis of the recent Reclaiming Virginity conference held at Harvard, at which I spoke on a panel.”

Here’s Knox…

As Jessica Valenti noted, via Twitter, Ms. Grose took in the Rethinking Virginity conference as “lady bloggers rethinking their slutty ways.” Grose spends most of her post laying out conference organizer Lena Chen’s past as a sex blogger, including the slut-shaming she endured at the hands of fellow students and print and online publications. It’s obvious she views Chen’s decision to give up her blog (for the moment) and identify herself as a “Third Wave Marxist feminist” as a defection to what she describes as ‘Generation Scold’ – “deeply conventional and traditional” millenials determined to stamp out sexual promiscuity.

In what I can only call a lapse in journalistic ethics, Jessica Grose leaves out both the actual and political context in which the Rethinking Virginity conference occurred.

Read the quote in context here.

From the Rethinking Virginity conference’s “About” page on Tumblr you can see that Gross really did miss the boat

Half a century after the sexual revolution, the concept of virginity remains as contentious as ever. While the sexual abstinence movement preaches in classrooms and college campus the dangers of premarital sex and “hooking up”, feminists decry scare tactics and “slut-shaming”. What are the religious, legal, and economic origins behind ideas of sexual purity? How does queer sexuality complicate the equation? Is a sex-positive vision of abstinence possible?

The Rethinking Virginity Conference at Harvard University seeks answers to these questions and more. Join us on May 3rd, 2010 as our panelists — sexual health educators, professors, feminist activists and bloggers, a documentary filmmaker — explore what it means to be a virgin and what the future of sexual abstinence should look like.

Stop by for one panel, meet speakers at the Boloco-sponsored lunch, or stay all day to experience the full diversity of our conference programming. Women’s, LGBT, and sexual health organizations will be tabling throughout the conference as well.

Hosted by the Harvard College Queer Students and Allies with support from the Harvard College Women’s Center and Boloco.

This conference is free and open to the public. For all press inquiries, please email the QSA Women’s Events & Outreach Chair at lenachen[at]fas.harvard.edu.

Read the quote in context here.

And yeah, personally I’ve always thought those Harvard College Queer Students and the Harvard College Women’s Center were a bunch of finger-wagging prudes too. :-p

Just based on the fact that Shelby Knox or Lena Chen or anyone else can be simultaneously damned if you do (by, say, Laura Sessions Stepp) and damned if you don’t (by, evidently, Jessica Grose) I can’t imagine what other concept on the big blue marble needs to be rethought more urgently than virginity. And rethought, by the way, in the terms it sounds like the conference intended to address.

The culture of virginity (as bought into by both its defenders and detractors) makes it extremely difficult to have complete conversations about choice. The culture puts extraordinary pressure on boys and young men. It puts gruesome and sometimes murderous pressure on girls and young women. It’s hard to imagine Chen would have caught so much grief for her blog without it. It’s hard to believe “frat” culture would be so toxically rapacious without it either. And without it “purity rings” would just be some kind of trademarked gimmick on cheap water filters. And let’s not even start with what it means for same sex, intersex, non-penetrative-obligate fetishists, auto-erotic asexuals, or others who aren’t likely to have heteronomative intercourse — not least because, um, for those people you actually can’t start talking about virginity-related sex.

So yeah, why on earth would anyone want to rethink the basis of all that?

Abstinence as a Source of Gratification, Ending Abstinence as a Source of Disillusion

Tue, 2010-06-22 17:36

Katherine Chen, guest contributor at Em & Lo makes a compelling, progressive case for abstinence as personal gratification rather than the traditional duty-bound approach where it’s all about “saving yourself” for a husband… i.e. for someone else’s gratification.

Virginity has always been a very significant part of who I am. I can’t deny my mother certainly influenced my perspective on sex: she raved about how all my female classmates were sluts and whores just for going out with a boy on Saturday night. But I’ve also had two friends get pregnant and then undergo abortions before they turned 18. The pain and agony they went through by taking a chance on someone they hoped was Mr. Right (who turned out to be Mr. Wrong) did not seem worth it at all.

...

Despite my fairly old school views, I don’t think virginity should be viewed as a treasure, much less a curse or a stigma. The fact that female virginity is so prized among certain (if not all) cultures confirms that women are still viewed as sex objects. I’m not down with that. Nor do I think losing one’s virginity should be considered an automatic rite of passage for young people, like attaining one’s first driver’s license or graduating from high school. When the situation and circumstances are genuinely right, it can happen quite naturally and in its own sweet time, but until then you should have the right to protect your feelings and your body without undergoing external pressures to conform to any arbitrary sexual standards — whether that’s doing it before you hit a certain age to avoid being seen as a freak or not doing it until you get married because of some religious ideology.

She said it here.

But as part of her clear-eyed endorsement of abstinence she also addresses a downside of waiting for the “right” person that I hadn’t considered before.

Studies have shown (see here and here) that when women don’t receive the relationship they anticipated after losing their virginity, they feel like their sexual power has been taken away from them. Of course, there is also the emotional and spiritual devastation that comes with feeling deceived, even if that was not the intention of the other party.

She said it here.

I think this is a really cool post. Also an important one because she’s saying if you’re going to go there then you need to locate the gratification of abstinence in yourself instead of the usual (basically universal, no-sex class) way of “saving yourself” for the benefit of another.

The word “sex-positive” gets tossed around a lot and there’s obviously some disagreement about it’s meaning. In its most original sense it doesn’t mean being open to everything early and often. Which is great because that would rule out a lot of people’s positive experience of their sexualities. Instead it meant being tolerant of other people’s sexualities and comfortable with and able to express your own sexuality whatever that might be*. I’ve pointed out in the past that that means making room for asexuality. What she’s done is make a great case for abstinence as it’s own form of erotic anticipation and enjoyment and as an expression of one’s own sexuality. That’s cool.

Quick, really important note… actually really important in terms of the discussion here: abstinence doesn’t have to equal virginity. Which brings me to the most important part of her post.

“Studies have shown … that when women don’t receive the relationship they anticipated after losing their virginity, they feel like their sexual power has been taken away from them.”

I think that’s right, and I think it’s really critical to get how much that belief in the value or “power” of women’s virginity influences our notions of “innate” gender difference. Because when you’re raised nearly from birth with the expectation that you’ve got this property value that’s independent of… and maybe even more important than… everything else about you it’s going to overload your actual experience of it with all sort of cultural and emotional freight. Even if it’s not always treated as an outright ‘treasure’ it’s still something you’re expected to assess every potential partnership in terms of whether this is the person you’re going to “bestow” or “give” it to. Or who will “take” it from you.

And since you’re only allowed one chance (remember, traditionally virginity is valued way more than abstinence itself) you’re just wonderfully setup to have that feeling of loss of power because mythology notwithstanding sex really is just sex: the next day you really do still have to “chop wood, carry water” as the Zen guys say about enlightenment.

And once it’s gone it’s gone, and if the lights don’t flicker all over the Eastern Seaboard when you stop being a virgin then you’re setup to feel screwed.

And here’s my main point: whereas one can “lose” one’s virginity only once, if someone discovers a preference for it he or she can resume abstinence the next day! And, contrary to end-of-the-world protestations by Laura Sessions Stepp and the whole used-chewing-gum crowd, be very little the worse for wear.

Aside: That’s another problem with the standard virginity/wait for the right man theory — unlike abstinence, once you stop being a virgin you’re supposed to lose not just your virginity value but your ability to own your sexuality at all: you’ve given it to someone else!

* with the obvious caveats, e.g. respecting partner’s decisions, adulthood, etc.

The Other Shoe Drops: Huffington Post on Coverups of Sexual Abuse of Women and Girls in the Catholic Church

Sun, 2010-04-11 21:17

The other day I mentioned my passionate conviction that if there was anything to them (besides being one more front for bashing feminism) then so-called Men’s Rights groups should be taking the lead in calling for investigation, prosecution, exposition, and shaming of the systematic abuse of boys by priests in the Catholic church.

In that post I briefly mentioned that evidence of abuse of women and girls might turn up as well. Sounds like that other shoe has now dropped — on my non-figleaf Facebook account I found the following link from my progressive but also sensibly-religious sister-in-law.

Angela Bonavoglia: The Catholic Church: Abusing, Endangering, And Intimidating Women

It was indeed outrageous that Reverend Raniero Cantalamessa, in his Good Friday homily at St. Peter’s Basilica, with Pope Benedict in eyeshot, compared the public denunciation of the Catholic Church hierarchy for harboring child molesting priests to the homicidal viciousness of anti-Semitism.

But there was another reason to be troubled by that homily: Cantalamessa also talked about the need to end violence against women, which is crucial, but he did so without any acknowledgment of the Church’s own culpability in the abuse, endangerment, and intimidation of women.

Cantalamessa talked about the need to end violence against women, which is crucial, but he did so without any acknowledgment of the Church’s own culpability in the abuse, endangerment, and intimidation of women.

Source: Huffington Post

Bonavoglia goes on to point out that in addition to what amounted to casual disregard for female victims as well as male ones, these are the same people who absolutely condemn birth control, abortion, and use of condoms to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS.

If my sister-in-law is ticked off enough to post about this, publicly, on Facebook, then resentment and revulsion has got to be running pretty deep in the rank and file

The Stethoscope: Another Genuine Medical Achievement Brought About Abstinent Men

Fri, 2010-02-12 16:43

Alex of Neatorama passes on word that…

The stethoscope was invented by a doctor too embarrassed to place his ear on a woman’s ample bosom.

Before the invention of the stethoscope, a physician would listen to a patient’s heart by placing his ear over the chest.

Read the quote in context here.

It sounds funny but there are actually a number of medical traditions wherein physicians avoided direct physical examination of patients… either patients of the opposite sex or all patients, period.

Such reticence had largely gone by the wayside by 1816, when the devoutly Catholic René Laennec invented his stethoscope. But when he was called to examine a young woman for heart disease he couldn’t bring himself to listen to her chest directly and instead used a rolled-up tube of paper. That worked well enough that he had one made out of wood.

One wonders if any other genuine medical advances arose directly from the 19th Century’s, well, passionate commitment to masculine sexual abstinence. (The other big contributions would be the health-food and exercise movements later in the 19th Centuries but I’d argue those were indirect advances.)

—-

Note: As a 19th-Century surgeon Laennec would have avoided spending up to two-thirds of his time, and receiving up to two-thirds of his income vigorously stimulating his female patient’s vulvas in order to bring about their “hysterical paroxysms.” A very common, profitable, but also undesirable-to-physicians medical treatment Rachel P. Maines’ called “the job nobody wanted.”

—-

Incidentally, when he wasn’t busy shying away from women’s bodices Laennec was a pretty productive, advancing understanding of peritonitis, metastasis of cancer, and naming as well as studying cirrhosis of the liver.

An Intrusively Personal Question About Ross Douthat's Love Life

Tue, 2009-06-30 13:08

Megan Carpentier of Jezebel raises yet another weekly objection to New York Times opinionist-in-residence Ross Douthat’s weekly… um… possible hypothesizing about women, feminism, sex, and relationships.

Ross Douthat, he of the thesis that feminism is the root of all women’s unhappiness, has a new thesis: it also causes marital unhappiness and infidelity.

...

Ok, so, let’s make sure I understand this correctly. Feminism (and safe sex) make for boring relationships designed only for upward social mobility, which is good for society and bad for relationships; but sexual freedom has empowered the lower class to make poor decisions about marriage and having a bunch of unsafe sex that Douthat doesn’t like in the first place? So, he likes feminism, but he hates it? Is feminism Douthat’s mom and does he have an Oedipal complex?

Douthat’s got a solution to the problem he’s yet to define really well, but which seemingly boils down to the fact that smart, career-oriented women don’t have enough wild sex (possibly with Ross Douthat) and dumb sluts have too much.

She said it here.

I’m not exactly sure what Douthat’s deal is. Prior to moving to the NYT he blogged conservatively about all sorts of issues. Since landing the gig he seems to be putting way more effort into this one topic.

And…

And…

I’m not sure I can agree with Carpentier’s assessment.

I mean, he often sounds the way unmarried people do when speaking authoritatively about marriage, or the way childless women or men talk with assurance about pregnancy and parenting, or… well… the way reluctant virgins or aloof celibates speak with certainty about what sex is like.

So I wanted to ask if anybody knows if the guy’s actually spent a lot of time in any kind of relationships with women. Because so much of what he says sounds more like he’s read a lot about it. More like he knows what to expect from romance, marriage, or reciprocated lust than he actually knows about it.

Anyway, since it sounds like the guy’s not going to stop blathering about it anytime soon it would help me, and maybe others, to know if he’s ever had sex. or been in a relationship. Or even had a girlfriend.

Not that there’s anything wrong with being better read than experienced. It just wouldn’t be very helpful if you planned to continue pPontificating about it on the editorial page of the flipping New York Times.

Update: See also Dana Goldstein’s take.

NIYBY (Not In *Your* Back Yard) Social Policy

Tue, 2008-06-24 13:29

Speaking of community standards, Christina Page of RHRealityCheck.org puts in a single paragraph what ought to be the foundation of all discussion of contraception policy in America.

Most American families want (and have) two children meaning women spend about seven years, on average, getting and being pregnant and about 23 years preventing pregnancy. Planning a pregnancy leads to dramatic declines in both maternal mortality and infant mortality. Indeed, the countries on earth with the lowest maternal and infant mortality rates are those with the greatest access to and use of contraception. Those with the highest death rates are countries that deny women and families access to family planning—many are nations that took Saletan’s route and simply ignored the fanatics into power.

Read the quote in context here.

Approximate years of fertility: thirty years
Pregnant or trying to be: seven years
Therefore trying not to be: twenty three years.

What’s really irritating is the pharmacists in question are just as likely to have two children as anyone else so…

Interview after interview suggests that what “pharmacists for life” are really worried about is maintaining a “community standard” they see as somehow declining or debased somewhere else.

You see the same effect in Planned Parenthood and abortion-services provider clinics as well — conservatives coming in insisting “they’re different” because their pregnancy is different because they’re not “those people” who have… what… recreational abortions?

#!#$~$~VB

Yeah But Who's Gate? Part 27,630

Fri, 2008-05-09 09:43


Photo by Flickr user John Kannenberg. Used under a Creative Commons license.

Amanda Marcotte of Pandagon says

Oh man, Abstinence Clearinghouse has started a blog, presumably so people can write about all the sex they’re not having. It’s brilliant, like almost like it’s a parody, except it’s not. I loved this post.

Virginity is an asset that holds its value well.

...

And if you hang onto your virginity, unlike other assets, it pretty much is guaranteed to lose its value over time. Though it’s a result of unfair prejudice, the reality is that the older the virgin, the more people tend to classify the virginity as a social awkwardness to outright weirdness. Most virgins over a certain age feel their virginity is an albatross. Even if you’re holding onto it for religious reasons, there’s a point where you choice drifts from “cute example of religious devotion” to “eccentricity bordering on antisocial levels of self-righteousness, perhaps masking deep insecurities”.

She said it here.

Yeah, I sort of have to agree with Marcotte’s question and… I’m sort of wondering why the Abstinence Clearinghouse doesn’t have a whole section celebrating 30-year-old, 50-year-old, and life-long virgins. Because sort of by (their) definition the longer you hold out the better.

John Ruskin kept his virginity from February 8, 1819 all the way to January 20, 1900 yet a search of Abstinence Clearinghouse yields nothing! Thoreau isn’t found either, but maybe that’s because he only made it 44 years (before dying, not before having sex.)


Image source: Wikipedia.
What stuns me, though, is that they completely ignore John Harvey Kellogg (he of corn flake fame) kept his virginity for 91 years, including more than forty years of marriage! Kellogg was a tireless advocate for abstinence. According to his Wikipedia entry

He warned that many types of sexual activity, including many “excesses” that couples could be guilty of within marriage, were against nature, and therefore, extremely unhealthy. He drew on the warnings of William Acton and expressed support for the work of Anthony Comstock. He appears to have gone beyond his own advice, since though he and his wife were married for over forty years, they never had sexual intercourse and had separate bedrooms all their lives.

I mean, here’s a guy who’s said to have worked on Plain Facts about Sexual Life, a major, best-selling pro-abstienence tract on his honeymoon! If anyone’s virginity held it’s value well then surely it was he!!! And yet they totally turn their backs on him!

Oh wait, all the people I’ve mentioned were abstinent men! Nobody values chastity in men because nobody’s willing to pay for male virginity.

Seriously, I grew up in the south where there were (and are!) still “dry” counties where the sale of all beverages containing alcohol. Consequently those counties also have “moonshiners,” who make money (sometimes huge money) smuggling and selling alcohol into those dry counties. And ya wanna know a secret? If those counties dropped their own private prohibitions then moonshiners would be off the gravy train and so… they make darn sure the most abolitionist ministers in those counties get the biggest donations, with little notes saying “keep up the good work, Reverend.”

And that’s what folks like the Abstinence Clearinghouse are really up to as well — trying to keep a tradition from previous centuries alive in order to reward one set of people (men) with access to an artificial scarcity (one-time-deal sex with women.) And for people who are into that it’s a seriously good deal — men who buy in get something of (artificial) value, women who buy into it get “bonus” economic points, everybody who buys into it gets to claim virtue points. And, of course, women who don’t conform and therefore undercut the “market” get to be sluts and (tellingly) cheap whores!

What bitter, cynical expectations of human beings — women and men — they have. What bitter, cynical expectations of women and men they create!

#

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