The following comic wouldn’t be funny (I think it’s hilarious!) if it didn’t play into common stereotypes about, especially, young roughneck men. I happen to be one of those people who thinks that in mass culture stereotypes don’t just unfairly describe the targets they also, unfortunately, may also set expectations in the targets themselves. (If I may meta-stereotype for a moment, I’ve noticed that young men tend to be very influenced by pop-culture characterizations of… young men.)

Comic by Robert T. Balder at PartiallyClips.com
Source: Robert T. Balder’s Partially Clips
About this James Chartrand business.
A lot of people are seriously chuffed with her for pulling a fast one, selling out, betraying other women writers, and (hey, this one bugs me too) extending her adopted macho persona into an entire professional-writers website, Men with Pens.
Second, based on my (peripheral) experience with commercial writers over the years it’s not that uncommon for a single writer to work with mulitple pen names. For instance the local edgy alt-weekly might rather not use the same writer who also writes the gardening tips for the local flower and garden newsletter and ad copy for the local university alumni office. So folks use different names — big deal, so what? And if you use different genders? Also big deal, so what?
Note also the e-book title available under “Our Books” at Men with Pens: How To Create Believable Characters. Nice work, James!
Some things I do get uncomfortable about though. For instance that a lot of people prefered to hire and read copywriting from James… as long as they thought he was a man. Published research says academic reviewers consistently give higher ratings when a single letter in a submission is changed, turning the author from, say, the woman’s name “Joan Smith” to the man’s name “John Smith,” or “Jean Fitzpatrick” to “Dean Fitzpatrick.”
That Chartrand got pulled in when she dropped that hook over the side isn’t a problem for me at all. What is a problem, though, is that despite thoroughly faking it she built a website that’s… well, more aggressively “masculine” than I, a thoroughly red-blooded, XY-chromosomed man, am able to manifest. Which, if I was conflicted all Hemingway/GQ/Details-like about what “being a man” might mean probably wouldn’t be doing me a lot of favors. So in other words it’s not as much that Chartrand was “selling out” women as that she was helping to continue setting up men with, in this case, literally made up standards of what constitutes an authoritative male voice.
“Masculinity” already impoverishes men enough without people — women and men — literally playing it up. Although I think it’s a marvelous indictment of the whole conceit that biological women are able to pull it off as effortlessly as biological men. But here’s the deal: masculinity, like femininity, is a total fucking joke. Name one thing besides maybe peeing on cigarette butts in a urinal and needing to do things to keep your testosterone levels on an even keel that’s really all that “essentially” male? Right, that was a trick question! There are plenty of men throughout history who never saw either a urinal or a cigarette butt who nevertheless made it from first breath to last without ever losing a Y chromosome. And, to be perfectly fair, there are plenty of women, Chartrand not the least of them, who are able to nail the concept on the first go.
Meaning it’s all made up. Which wouldn’t be a problem at all if drunks in bars, bullies on playgrounds, and psychos with handguns weren’t either perpetually trying to live up to those meaningless, in some cases literally fictional standards or, worse, using other people’s failures to meet them as an excuse to do violence against them. Which sets off yet another cycle of men and boys looking for answers to the literally unknowable-for-certain question “what does it mean to be a man?” And finding hints in… “manly” graphics like the bullet-shattered logo James Chartrand chose to keystone her blog, or teasing remarks about “mommy bloggers” on… a working mother’s blog.*
Bottom line: getting jobs with fake names is fine. Finding success with your fake name is fine too. Taking your fake name and using it to perpetuate your ideas about your name’s gender attributes, though, isn’t so hot.
* For the record I don’t believe Chartrand ever suggested there’s any problem at all with bloggers who are also mothers. As for the “mommy blogger” genre, well, fair or unfair that gets a lot of criticism from most quarters.
Update: Woah, as Sungold ever set me stright? And in comments, below, Anonymous points to a post by Chartrand’s erstwhile gender-bending partner, “Harrison McCleod” who says the choice wasn’t as simple as Chartrand makes it sound. But it does indeed sound like she at least occasionally specifically criticized women writers as a class. Good to know. —fl
A dramatic reading from Galileo, a play by Bertolt Brecht, English version by Charles Laughton. It’s the last scene in the play and not always performed. I don’t know how many people are familiar with the play (lots?) but it very strongly influenced, and now nicely illustrates, my understanding of stereotype and its impact on perception.
Scene 14
Before a little italian customs house early in the morning ANDReA sits upon one of his traveling trunks at the barrier and read Galileo’s book. The window of a small house is still lit, and a big grotesque shadow, like an old witch andher cauldron, falls upon the house wall beyond. Barefoot CHILDREN in rags see it and point to the little house.
CHILDREN (singing):
One, two three four, five, six,
Old Marina is a witch,
At night, on a broomstick she sits
And on the church steeple she spits.CUSTOMS OFFICER (to ANDREA) [etc…]
Meanwhile a little council of war among the CHILDREN has taken place. ANDREA quietly watches. one of the BOYS pushes forward by the others, creeps up to the little house from which the shadow comes, and takes the jug of milk on the doorstep.
ANDREA (quickly): Whatever are you doing with that milk?
BOY (stopping in mid-movement): She is a witch.The other CHILDREN run away behind the customs house. One of them shouts “Run, Paolo!”
ANDREA: Hmm! And because she is a witch she mustn’t have milk. Is that the idea?
BOY: Yes.
ANDREA: And how do you know she is a witch?
BOY (points to shadow on house wall): Look!
ANDREA: Oh! I see.
BOY: And she rids on a broomstick at night — and she bewitches the coachman’s horses. My cousin Luigi looked through the hole in the stable roof, that the snowstorm made, and heard the horses coughing something terrible.
ANDREA: Oh! How big was the hole in the stable roof?
BOY: Luigi didn’t tell. Why?
ANDREA: I was asking because maybe the horses got sick because it was cold in the stable. You had better ask Luigi how big that hole is.
BOY: You are not going to say Old Marina isn’t a witch because you can’t.
ANDREA: No, I can’t say she isn’t a witch. A man can’t know about a think he hasn’t looked into, or can he?
BOY: No! But THAT! (He points to the shadow.) She is stirring hellbroth.
ANDREA: Let’s see. Do you want to take a look? i can lift you up.
BOY: you lift me to the window, Mister! (He takes a slingshot out of his pocket.) I can really bash her from there.
ANDREA: Hadn’t we better make sure she is a witch before we shoot? I’ll hold that.
The BOY puts the milk jug down and follows him reluctantly to the window. ANDREA lifts the boy up so that he can look in.
ANDREA: What do you see?
BOY (slowly): Just an old girl cooking porridge.
ANDREA: Oh! Nothing to it then. Now look at her shadow, Paolo.
The BOY looks over his shoulder and back and compares the reality and the shadow.
BOY: The big thing is a soup ladle.
ANDREA: Ah! A ladle! You see, I would have taken it for a broomstick, but I haven’t looked into the matter as you have, Paolo. Here is your sling.
CUSTOMS OFFICER (returning with the CLERK and handing ANDREA his papers): All present and correct. Good luck, sir.
ANDREA goes, reading Galileo’s book. The CLERK starts to bring his baggage after him. The barrier rises. ANDREA passes through, still reading the book. The BOY kics over the milk jug.
BOY (shouting after ANDREA): She is a witch! She is a witch!
ANDREA: You saw with your own eyes: think it over!
The BOY joins the others. They sing:
One, two, three, four, five, six,
Old Marina is a witch.
At night, on a broomstick she sits
And on the church steeple she sits.The CUSTOMS OFFICERS laugh. ANDREA goes.
Source: Galileo; Copyright 1966 by Eric Bentley, Grove Press ISBN: 0-8021-4050-5; pages 126-129
The Paolo effect is what I had in the back of my mind for yesterdays post, “Jill Filipovic’s Answer to the “No True Scotsfeminist” Fallacy.”
It’s not that the stereotypes are insurmountable — they’re not or else Adrea would have succumbed to the witchcraft over 500 years ago as would we today. But they’re often persistent even in the face of direct counter-evidence.
Summary: Failing to understand “everything I do is masculine” causes men (and their partners, and fellow men) unimaginable but also unnecessary grief.
Samhita of Feministing says
A movie about the changing tide of masculinity? I want to see.
You know what drives me crazy about the trailer? A bunch of grown men with beards, penises, jobs, and partners wandering around worrying that they’re somehow not… men! WTF?
My metaphor for “masculinity” has cutting, carving, or tearing away of everything about biologically male humans that doesn’t fit the stereotype.
How can it be that we call rediscovering, embodying, or otherwise adding back the cut-away parts emasculating? Instead of, I don’t know, maybe remasculating.
What’s funny is that you never see “men’s liberation” groups pushing to expand the definition of masculinity to include more of the full range of human possibilities. Instead it’s all about trying to get everyone to agree our metaphorical amputations should be accepted and/or seen as superior.
p.s. and dear sweet mother of pearl how bought into stereotypes is it to say men are “finding their feminine side” when they do anything outside the confines of masculinity?
Great vocabulary question from Bond of Dear Diaspora:
That conflation of dozens of identities with each other under the “lesbian” heading is really a strange thing. Why, why do we have one measly word that’s supposed to be able to stretch to describe the experiences of, say, butch dykes who like femmes, femmes who like queer masculinity in the form of butches, bois, queer guys, etc., androdykes who only like other androdykes, and separatists for whom lesbianism is largely political ideology?
It all makes sense, of course, if you just mean “someone identified by straight people as female and not straight.” Which makes approximately as much sense as people of one nationality calling everyone else on the planet “foreigners.” The latter distinction only really makes sense to the people making the distinction.
As opposed to, say, their potential victims. But when you consider the distinction comes from people who want to operate on others (“should she be ‘cured’ of not having sex with men?” or “should we round them up and intern them?”) those kinds of definitions might be technically accurate and even pragmatic for those making the policies.
But not otherwise particularly useful for the identified. For instance the only thing a Hungarian and, say, an American Samoan in, say, Nebraska might have in common besides their location is their “foreigner-ness.” Or, as Bond points out, the only thing a femme and a separatist might have in common besides their identification-by-others is their not-sexual-interest in men.
Via Amanda Marcotte, ace political statistician Nate Silver puts the scope of exaggeration by organizers of this weekend’s teabagger rally into perspective. Organizers claim there were two million people, pretty much everyone else put the figure at closer to 60,000.
Silver uses a vivid, and funny, but unfortunately gendered analogy.
That’s not a twofold or threefold exaggeration—it’s roughly a thirtyfold exaggeration.
The way this false estimate came into being is relatively simple: Matt Kibbe, the president of FreedomWorks, lied, claiming that ABC News had reported numbers of between 1.0 and 1.5 million when they never did anything of the sort. A few tweets later, the numbers had been exaggerated still further to 2 million. Kibbe wasn’t “in error”, as Malkin gently puts it. He lied. He did the equivalent of telling people that his penis is 53 inches long.
I’m, um, not an ace mathematician so check my figures, but there’s a hidden insult in Silver’s number that a) makes it an unfortunate gendered insult but also b) diminishes the scope of Kibbe’s lie. Short version: Kibbe’s penis would have to be 1.5 inches long for his exaggeration to equal only 53 inches. Assuming he’s of average size instead then it’s like him telling people his penis is 196 inches long! Or 16 feet!
Point by implying Kibbe has a smaller penis Silver also made him seem like less of a liar.
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Long answer, showing my work:
First, let’s do the numbers to see just how big an insult Silver has cooked up.
60,000: Consensus crowd size estimate, discarding wingnut outlier
1,000,000: First estimate claimed by FreedomWorks organizers
1,500,000: Second estimate claimed by FreedomWorks organizers
2,000,000: Further inflated estimates by unidentified tweets
1,000,000 / 60,000 = exaggeration factor 16.7
53 inches / 16.7 exaggeration factor = 3.2 inch penis-size estimate for Kibbe by Silver
1,500,000 / 60,000 = exaggeration factor 25
53 inches / 25 exaggeration factor = 2.1 inch penis-size estimate for Kibbe by Silver
2,000,000 / 60,000 = exaggeration factor 33.3
53 inches / 33.3 exaggeration factor = 1.6 inch penis-size estimate for Kibbe by Silver
Unfortunately-gendered insults aside, and assuming Silver has no direct measurements of the specific teabagging wingnuts in question, then based on average penis sizes worldwide Silver would still only be exaggerating downward by a factor of 2 or 3, compared to an upwards exaggeration factor between 16.7 and 33.3 by FreedomWorks organizers.
Not that Kibbe comes out looking any better. Assuming he’s of average size then using the same exaggeration factors he used for his crowd estimates it’s the equivalent of him telling people that his penis is not 53 but between 98.5 and 196.4 inches! (That would be between 8 and 16 feet! Or for non-anti-science or French-cheese-eating types between 2.5 and nearly 5 meters! Or for football fans that would be between 2.7 and 5.5 yards!)
—-
Anyway, I guess me being a political sex blogger means I’m the one who has to grouse about the use and misuse of highly gendered body parts in political discourse. Even though he’s a racist, violence-advocating anti-democratic demagogue Matt Kibbe’s body is no more Nate Silver’s business than, say, Michelle Bachman’s body would be. In fact, because they’re both racist, violence-advocating, anti-democratic demagogues their bodies should be the least of our concerns.
Seems to me that if our beauty standards were purely about reproductive fitness, as pop sociobiologists and pop evolutionary psychologists claim, and if their notion that “primitive” human society was exactly like Ozzie and Harriet’s nuclear family with breadwinner men and stay-at-home women then…
a) The most desirable-looking women would tend to wear size 10-14 (U.S. standard) or a little bit higher and at least look like they’d survived bearing and nurturing a child at least once previously and look able to do so again. And since any outside activity they did do would tend to be gathering, and thus need to be already well-versed in plant ID and habitat they’d probably also be a bit older so they could remember where all the good stuff could be found.
b) The most desirable men would at least look extraordinarily young and incredibly fit in order to appear able to bring down food and defend their families.
That almost the opposites seem to be true suggests sociobiologists and evolutionary psychologists suffer from… considerable selection bias. Keep banging the rocks together, guys.
In her unfortunately-subtitled post about being parent to a newborn, Katie Roiphe writes at Double-XX “When the baby was four weeks old… I apologized and told him that I couldn’t sign books, that I had to run home.”
She also said
I remember visiting one of my closest friends on her maternity leave last summer. We sat on a wooden bench in her garden and drank iced coffees, and gazed at her second baby. She is a writer, and we talked about how the women writers we most admired had no children, or have had one child, at the absolute most, but never two. (Edith Wharton, Virginia Woolf and Jane Austen had no children; Mary McCarthy, Rebecca West, Joan Didion, and Janet Malcolm all had one.) My friend looked down at her newborn and her tiny eyelashes. She could entertain this conversation in an academic way, but as she adjusted the baby’s hat I could see how far removed it was from anything that mattered to her. Here, sitting in the garden, looking at the eyelashes, would you trade the baby for the possibility of writing The House of Mirth? You would not.
Vicki Iovine, mother of four children and, ahem, author of at least four books and numerous articles, wrote in the staggeringly stealth-brilliant The Girlfriends’ Guide to Pregnancy that we forget to take into account the post-delivery “fourth trimester” at our peril. That was her term for the foggy, sleep-deprived shakedown/recovery period that goes almost entirely unmentioned in medical and anecdotal parenting lore. People who adopt newborns report something similar, and after only four weeks I certainly couldn’t stay focused when I was away from home either. So it’s not too surprising that Roiphe had a hard time at her book signing.
Just one more reason we have feminism to thank for the Family Leave Act. And one more reason why American feminists continue to advocate amending the act to make it paid leave. Just saying.
Doh! But then we get to the real rub in Roiphe’s article:
One of the minor dishonesties of the feminist movement has been to underestimate the passion of this time, to try for a rational, politically expedient assessment. Historically, feminists have emphasized the difficulty, the drudgery of new motherhood. They have tried to analogize childcare to the work of men; and so for a long time, women have called motherhood a “vocation.” The act of caring for a baby is demanding, and arduous, of course, but it is wilder and more narcotic than any kind of work I have ever done.
Um, no, it hasn’t. One major dishonesty of anti-feminism is that these feelings are exclusive to biological mothers. As I mentioned they’re not. Not for fathers. Not for adoptive parents.
And if I may anticipate a possible objection to the preceding point, a second dishonesty of anti-feminism is that new mothers are perfectly prepared to be left at home to resume any and all prior domestic duties, including caring for previous children, as soon as they return from the birthing center and their partner returns to work. If you’ve been pregnant then even if you’re not caring for a newborn that 4th trimester (which, remember, takes its pound of flesh from fathers and adoptive parents too) is not recovered from overnight or in a couple of days. And so no, the average mother of the average newborn is probably not ready to be dropped back into her domestic routine. And, thus, probably not ready to hop back into a career either. (See, again, Family Leave Act and recommended extensions.)
Point being that if Roiphe feels feminism wrongly pressures women to believe they should resume their duties before they’re ready, and if it’s true that feminism actually does say having a newborn should have no, zero, none impact on one’s career, authorial or otherwise, then that’s a fault feminism shares with anti-feminism.
And srsly, 17th-Century women’s activist Anne Hutchinson (ahem, author of no major books but any number of lectures and sermons) was pregnant with her 15th child when she went her local Puritan magistrates put her on trial for blasphemy and sedition. And so again what’s Roiphe’s point about feminism being indifferent to women before, during, or after pregnancy compared to its contemporaries — in the Colonial era or any other?
The subtitle to Katie Roiphe’s article My Newborn is Like a Narcotic, at Double-X is “Why won’t feminists admit the pleasure of infants?”
Which is barkingly anti-feminist. If Roiphe really doesn’t feel the same way then her editor performed a real disservice as she’s being slammed all around the web-osphere for it. It’s awfully hard to read the rest of the piece as a separate sentiment from that subtitle.
Personally I think feminism and newborns go great together! If they’re a narcotic they’re one that till feminism only half the adult population had any chance of enjoying. For instance when my dad was born he literally had to pace in the waiting room with cigars in his shirt pocket, and once he was told if I was a boy or girl he pretty much had to go right back to work. Thanks to feminism I got to stay home while my partner went back to work. And even if we’d done it the other way around I’d still have had family leave (even if it’s unpaid) to fall back on — just one of hundreds of child- and pregnancy-related benefits we can also thank feminism for.
Yeah, there are a couple of sore points about babies for feminists but most of those have a lot more to do with issues of choice (as in is it a woman’s choice to stay home with the baby or is society going to grind her fingers off if she tries to do things any other way?) There’s also a little, um, resentment about choice to have a child, which might not be so contentious for feminists if anti-feminists didn’t seem dead set on making unplanned, unwanted pregnancies as inescapable as possible. Or if anti-feminists didn’t seem so dead-set on treating pregnancy and parental childcare like it was worthless. Or if anti-feminists weren’t so dead-set on painting women who’ve had children as damaged goods if unmarried and sequestered, sexless property if they are.
Feminism creates opportunities rather than limits them. Including opportunities to enjoy the pure narcotic rush of newborns in particular and parenting in general. So what’s Roiphe’s (or maybe just Double-X’s headline editor’s) problem here?
Suzie at Echidne of the Snakes speaks with entirely reasonable ire about gendered anthropomorphizing about dominance and subordination she keeps hearing when people talk about zoos.
I think it was one of those 7-Habits books where the author talks about how at a very high level a map of, I think, Detroit can be mistaken for a map of, I think, Cleveland in the sense they can both have a big street called Main St. that intersects with 1st St., 2nd St, 12th, etc., and so you can imagine you’re navigating in the right direction… until it says you should be turning right on Broad Street and there’s just no such thing in Cleveland. At which point you can either realize you’ve got the wrong map or… drive yourself and everyone else insane trying to match up the landmarks of the town you’re in with the map of the town you’re not in.
We do that a lot with animals. And ourselves. The common term for ascribing human-like qualities to tigers or, say, lab rats, is anthropomorphism, but Hannah Arendt warned about the corresponding phenomenon she called ratomorphisation where we ascribe the behavior of humans to what we observe in rats or other animals.
And if you’re going to try to map humans to animals, or for that matter animals to humans, you’ll see the same effects as you do with maps of Detroit or Cincinnati. Similar street names, sure. A “Riverside Park” too maybe. If you go to a zoo it’s only going to get worse.
Yes, animals fight, have sex, and eat. But those are like the Main Streets and Broad Avenues — every town has one, but they don’t necessarily go the same places. And if you get it in your head that each animal (and human) map is going to have a Main St. then it gets even weirder because you’re going to say stuff like one gender or another is dominant or there’s always some kind of territoriality or blah, blah, blah. Each of which could even be true. But they might be more instructive if we weren’t trying to enforce our preconceptions of what has to be there.