kyriarchy

Acknowledging Kyriarchy and its Consequences in Progressive Politics

Sat, 2010-09-18 16:49

Cool post by Suzie at Echidne of the Snakes. The overall post is about "intra-party" criticism in feminism, though much the same things could be said about all manner of progressive social activism. At one point Suzie gets a little meta and raises a pretty good point…


In her column, [historian Christine] Stansell discusses the racism of white feminists, and in her book, she criticizes the condescension of white women who wanted to help their “inferiors.” But what's the explanation for white feminists who express more anger at the racism and classism of white women than they do about the bad behavior of other oppressed people? One possibility is that they hold white women to a higher standard. Is that not condescending to others? Will there come a time when black male scholars write with equal disgust about forefathers who were condescending, and thus, sexist, in their desire to protect and help women? Who conducted business without women present? Who put more emphasis on their rights than women's rights? I look forward to those books. In the meantime, I’m happy with Stansell’s, despite my quibbles. Read the quote in context here.

... that I'd like to take just a little bit further. I'm actually pretty sure that, say, Fredrick Douglass was genuinely remorseful for not following through on his promise to his predominantly white 19th-Century-feminist allies to push for a "16th Amendment" after pressing them to drop their bid to have women named, and thus included, in the 14th and 15th Amendments that extended and protected the vote for African American citizens. (His loss of enthusiasm for their cause earned considerable animosity from his erstwhile allies.) I'm not sure (meaning really not sure) if he ever acknowledged that in sinking his allies' chances he also denied African-American women a right to vote… for what turned out to be another three generations. There's a deeper point, though: by failing to help extend the franchise Douglass, countless African-American men, and the equally large number of white progressive men who's votes actually made the difference on the first two amendments cost themselves considerable electoral support in pursuit of causes all had in common. For instance in the same NYT Op-Ed Stansell said in the context of the ratification of the 19th Amendment that eventually did give women the vote


The logic of women’s disenfranchisement helped legitimize relegating blacks to second-class citizenship. Female voters would also pose practical difficulties, described bluntly by a Mississippi man: “We are not afraid to maul a black man over the head if he dares to vote, but we can’t treat women, even black women, that way. No, we’ll allow no woman suffrage.” Stansell said it here.

And no, that's not saying it would have been great to have set African American women up as cannon fodder during the Jim Crow era. More likely the inclusion of women's voices, all women's, would have forestalled, mitigated, or at least brought an earlier end to those laws. And others. The point being that empowering everybody generally empowers everybody! Just as leaving some people in defined-second-class status disempowers not only the victims, and their allies, but (as we can, for instance, see in the U.S. with immigrants, Israel with Palestinians, Christians in Indonesia, women in the middle-east, Shia in Sunni-dominated areas of the middle-east, everybody in Burma and North Korea, etc.) those who nominally benefit from that oppression as well. As… um… some orator I can't recall said during the pre-Civil-War era, in order to keep others down in the ditch one must one's self be in the ditch to make sure they stay there. And, kyriarchy being what it is, that extends through layers and layers of people too busy keeping their own boots on someone else's neck to notice the boots on their own necks. (Returning to Suzie's original point, by the way, that would include the back and forth oppression between what Stansell the historian has decided to term "mother" and "daughter" groups in feminism, and others have more recently decided to call "2nd-" and "3rd-wave" feminists.)


Point being that when it comes to demographic power politics, to the extent someone needs to acknowledge their oppression of others or their failure to empower others they need to acknowledge the consequences such oppression has also brought upon themselves.

Don't Confuse Authentic Privilege, Which Should Be Extended to All, With "Privilege," Which Shouldn't

Thu, 2010-09-02 12:56

Quick follow up on my previous post about privilege. From comments in to the same Slacktivist post I cited previously, a commenter called “Mark Z” had this nifty illustration of the hidden benefits of classic “white, male Baptist” privilege.

It’s like running in a race in which half your competitors have had their shoes stolen. You benefit from it even if you didn’t steal their shoes. You don’t normally see that they have no shoes because they’re behind you and in a foot race you keep your eyes forward. If they fall far enough behind, you might forget they’re even in this race.

He said it here.

That analogy seems even more apt than the standard “wind at your back” or the snarky “born on 3rd base and thinks he hit a triple” ones.

On Extending the Authentic Privilege of Exemption from Collective Guilt

Thu, 2010-09-02 12:37

So a couple of weeks ago Slactivist said something that I, even though I’m not specifically a white male Protestant Baptist, should have said because, hey Baptist, Catholic, Unitarian, agnostic-but-with-a-vaguely-Protestant-sounding-last-name, it’s all the same thing with us people.

Head’s up: it starts out sounding ordinarily Jon-Stewart-y snarky…

Please forgive me for the actions of extremists I have never met who commit acts of violence that I have never advocated

As a white male Baptist, it is my duty today to denounce the violence perpetrated by Patrick Gray Sharp, 29, who yesterday attacked the police headquarters in McKinney, Texas, in a heavily armed but ineffectual assault involving a high-powered rifle, road flares, “gasoline and ammonium nitrate fertilizer.”

I understand that this denunciation must be swift and unambiguous and that, in the absence of such denunciations made by and on behalf of every and all white male Baptists, others are entitled to assume that every white male Baptist is fully in agreement with the actions of Patrick Gray Sharp and to therefore deny white male Baptists the rights others enjoy.

So I denounce this attack and state unequivocally that we white male Baptists do not believe in this kind of violent extremism. I beg you all not to condemn all of us for the actions of this lone member of our community, although of course I will understand if you decide that you must do so and will humbly accept whatever restrictions on our full participation in society that you see fit to impose. That’s only fair.

I further beg your forgiveness for my not denouncing this violent act sooner. Unlike the nearly identical failed attack in Times Square, this attack wasn’t the lead story on our local news and the newspaper I work for somehow didn’t mention it at all. Then today I was outside most of the afternoon cutting the grass and just didn’t hear about the story until now. I plead with you to understand that as soon as I learned of this incident, I rushed to post this denunciation.

Read the quote in context here.

...but the twist makes it not only generally relevant to the context of grossly unfair expectations that all even-vaguely Muslim people should apologize for and denounce violence committed by other equally vaguely Muslim people (even if they’re, say, Shiite and the perpetrator was Suni, even if they’re ethnically Persian or Turkic and the perpetrator was ethnically Arab or Pashtun.) The twist makes it appropriate to the context of sex, gender, and relationship blogs like this one. Slactivist continues…

UPDATE: Boy is my face red. This is so embarrassing — I totally skimmed past the fine print on the unwritten rules and completely missed the exemption for hegemonic classes. It turns out that we white people, males and Protestants never have to worry about extravagant displays of vicarious contrition. As a white male Protestant, apparently, I don’t need to promptly denounce every evil act committed by any and every other white male Protestant.

This is awesome. Do you realize how much time this is going to save me? Plus just the relief of no longer having to watch the news on pins and needles, worrying every time there’s a crime or a gun-nut on a spree that it’ll be some white male Protestant guy and that everyone is going to assume we’re all like that. What an enormous relief to be judged only as an individual and not prejudged according to the worst thing ever done by anyone ever claiming to belong to my faith community, or sharing my gender or my ethnicity. It’s not just a relief it’s a … oh, what’s the word? ... privilege. Yes, that’s what it is — a fantastic privilege.

Two points to this twist, incidentally.

1) If you’re white, male, and Protestant it really is a privilege that you don’t have to apologize ever time another fuckwad shoots up a school, a church, an office, a clinic, his family, random passers by, an Oklahoma City federal building, a Texas or California IRS office, random police officers, and so on. No, really, it’s a privilege. Not a resentment-driven, anxiety induced, demanded for male-privilege privilege, I mean it’s a real actual privilege. One that should be extended to anyone else who isn’t directly responsible for supporting, endorsing, instigating, or participating in such incidents should receive.

2) Yeah, Mary Daly was really separatist. Yeah, Catharine MacKinnon is really anti-fellatio. Yeah, Twisty Faster is really antagonistic towards men. And sure, somewhere, some time, someone who identifies herself as a feminist… or more to the point someone you identify as a feminist (even though like Lorena Bobbit or Wendy Vitters they aren’t) may have said or done something that hurt your feelings. But unless you want to start taking responsibility for the behavior of Timothy McVeigh, Dick Cheney, David Koresh, Scott Roeder, and Randall Terry and you might want to ask why you think every feminist should be held responsible for the most extremist, and occasionally even obscure feminist positions.

Of course none of this means one can’t take on responsibility for wrongs committed by others. Whether or not they resemble you in some way superficial or real. It just means your resemblance doesn’t oblige you to.

Sexual Harassment of Fundraisers by Donors is Very Difficult to Report, Deal With

Sat, 2010-07-17 16:09

So a couple of years ago I ran into a neighbor when I was taking a bus downtown for a tech seminar. I knew she worked for the local university alumni office fundraising department so I asked what her current project was. She said she was researching “the giving habits of those who donate $250,000,000.00 or more.” She said it was… different.

I was reminded of this when Bridget Crawford of Feminist Law Professors mentioned serious but very difficult to address issue

Earlier this week the Chronicle of Higher Education ran an article called “The Wrong Type of Solicitation” about the sexual harassment of higher education planned-giving personnel.  

“Sexual harassment can occur in any job, but certain aspects of fund raising make it more likely. For one thing, women now dominate the profession. Three-fourths of the 30,000 members of the Association of Fundraising Professionals are female.

In many cases, those women are appealing to older, powerful men for large donations. To succeed, fund raisers must build long-term relationships with donors. And they often visit donors in their homes or meet them in social settings where alcohol and personal information are plentiful.”

Read the whole post and follow Crawford’s links here.

The impression my friend gave me is that the fraction-of-a-billion-dollar donors rarely involve themselves directly with fundraising staff. But there are plenty of others who may be willing and able to play bullshit/bullying games that go beyond asking to have buildings or departments named after them. And there are very, very few fundraisers who’s agencies are in a position to decline a donor who’s being an asshole, let alone out them.

Point of Privilege: No, Seriously, It Needs to be Accessible So We Can Talk About It With People Who Don't Think They Have It

Mon, 2010-02-22 18:14

Just to be clear, since several people have mentioned it in email, in my post Privilege: A Perfectly Accurate Word That’s Perfectly Unusable For Communicating With Those Who Have It I wasn’t complaining about the concept of privilege. At all! It’s actually freakishly important!

Instead I was complaining (and it is a complaint) that the language that we use is perfectly descriptive when recognized in others but not descriptive to the people it’s recognized in.

Consider the late gentleman who was privileged enough to own a private airplane, a consulting company, and a brick and stone house. He was privileged enough to be able to marry the person of his choice, privileged to be able-bodied and oriented towards someone he could have two beautiful children with. He was privileged to be loved enough by them that they became distraught when he failed to return home. And he was privileged to have a car he could drive to the airport. He had privileged skin color, car, haircut, clothes, and age such that he didn’t have to even think about getting pulled over for a “background check” by police or border patrol when he drove to the airport hanger where he kept his plane.

He saw none of this privilege. As with everyone when they have privilege it was invisible to him. It gave him no solace nor comfort. Even as it surely grated on those around him who had less. Or none.

The stupid fucker was exercising his privilege when he flew his airplane into an office building in Austin, Texas the other day, killing himself and someone else and injuring others — directly from the burns and impact, indirectly through grief, displacement, and loss of loved ones. He was exercising privilege when he killed his children’s father, when he killed his wife’s husband, when he emptied their lives of him and of the home he burned in… an only-slightly extraordinary expression of his sense that he had no privilege at all… because he was evidently unable to resolve some manner of dispute the way his (unrecognized) privilege let him to imagine he should have been able to, over taxes he owed on income he didn’t recognize himself as having been privileged to be able to earn.

I wasn’t thinking about that guy when I wrote about privilege. Instead I was thinking about the friendship-jeopardizing gulf of communication between Champagne and Benzedrine, who disputes the notion of privilege, and Britni Danielle, who clearly gets it but can’t get it across to C&B.

The inability to articulate it such that it can be received spreads chaos. The invisibility of privilege in those who have it spreads injustice. Sometimes, as between Britni and C&B the cost of failure is measured in loss of friendship. In Texas the cost must be measured in lives. In all cases the cost of privilege, as we can see over and over, outweighs the benefits: it increases the misery of others without noticeably improving the lives of those with.

This is not “mansplaining” and it’s certainly not justifying privilege. As in Texas it’s a deadly killer that manages to hide itself in plain sight, ruining, and even ending the lives not only the myriad victims but also its banally evil perpetrators. All things considered even a zero-sum game would be an improvement. Fortunately that needn’t be the only alternative. But it ain’t going to get better by telling guys who are suffocating trying to rebreathe the stagnant air of the unnoticed wind at their backs that they’re privileged. Even though to everyone else it’s achingly obvious they surely are, if they don’t see it that way the trick is to find out how to get through to them. Before they drive another fucking airplane, or yacht, or BMW into another crowded building, or, with their shoes full of their own fearful urine, write “legal opinions” that a Vice President who orders the torture prisoners is acting in “self defense.”

Privilege: A Perfectly Accurate Word That's Perfectly Unusable For Communicating With Those Who Have It

Sat, 2010-02-20 17:19

Summary: As promised (here: The Perversely Non-Perverse Reason You Don’t Need the Kings Navy to Protect Heterosexuality), here’s why I think the word “privilege” is a perfectly accurate but also in communications terms perfectly lousy term.

The problem with the word “privilege” is that people who have it never get to enjoy it. Or even appreciate it. Or, generally speaking, even recognize it.

Consider the old brain twister “we don’t know who first discovered water but we can be sure it wasn’t a fish.” When you’re totally surrounded and supported by something it’s literally invisible to you.

Viewed objectively it makes total sense that the technical term an observer would give it would be “privilege.” After all it’s visible only to those who don’t have it.

Rhetorically, though, it’s a total catastrophe. Because the term’s non-technical usage implies knowing luxury — one the recipient experiences knowingly, not unconsciously. Sort of like my grandfather talking about his childhood in Scotland in the late 1800s when instead of plain oatmeal three times a day his family had oatmeal boiled with bits of mutton in it for Sunday dinner after church. He thought that was pretty wonderful.

Ok, so now we’re getting to the point: Imagine that the only protein in your diet, every day, was oatmeal boiled in dead sheep. You probably couldn’t imagine the tedium of having to live that way. Until just now it might never have occurred to you that anyone would daydream about living like that.

My grandfather, who was 5’1” tall and had legs as crooked as a goat, and gazillions of other people throughout history, would snort at you with contempt. (As he would snort at his grandchildren, including me.)

The privilege part isn’t not eating the diet, or not being so well-fed you wouldn’t look forward to it the way my grandfather would have. Privilege is having it so far removed from your reality you’re not just unaware of it, you can’t even imagine it.

That you can’t even imagine it is precisely why calling it “privilege” is such a lousy choice: people who have it don’t have the experience of, well, experiencing it! Even though its existence is glaringly obvious to everyone who doesn’t have it.

If you want to try and discuss such a very, very real thing with… anyone who’s got it, you’re going to have to find a way to communicate their condition such that they a) get it but b) are not alienated by it. For instance if I see you popping open a Yoplait and call you privileged you are you’re going to totally eyeball-roll me. Nor would you be mollified if I then tried to explain that that the very fact of your eye-rolling was an exercise of your privilege. It’s not that I wouldn’t have communicated it to you. And (as, for instance, my grandfather or roughly 10,000,000 Hatians could tell you) it’s not even that you’d be very, very mistaken for thinking having an 89-cent yogurt didn’t make you privileged because anybody can have one any time they want. It’s that by naming your privilege I’d have alienated you to a point where further communication was shut down.

That’s going to be exactly the same experience when you tell a man he’s privileged because he can walk down the street without ever noticing that nobody’s checking out his ass, let alone groping it. Or, more specifically, if you try to tell a white one he’s privileged because he can walk down the same street completely oblivious to whether he passed a police officer, let alone whether the officer noticed his passing.

It’s not that there’s something to be communicated. It’s just way more tricky than you probably imagine.

Thus even though technically it’s a marvelously accurate word we need a better one for actual communication.

Insights into Privileged Thinking: Emily Zitek and Colleagues Research Paper "Victim Entitlement to Behave Selfishly"

Sun, 2010-01-24 12:50

Via Tyler Cowen Eric Barker of Barking Up the Wrong Tree points to an interesting-looking social psychology paper on entitlement and selfishness as it relates to a sense of victimization.

Does feeling like a victim make you selfish?:

Three experiments demonstrated that feeling wronged leads to a sense of entitlement and to selfish behavior. In Experiment 1, participants instructed to recall a time when their lives were unfair were more likely to refuse to help the experimenter with a supplementary task than were participants who recalled a time when they were bored. In Experiment 2, the same manipulation increased intentions to engage in a number of selfish behaviors, and this effect was mediated by self-reported entitlement to obtain positive (and avoid negative) outcomes. In Experiment 3, participants who lost at a computer game for an unfair reason (a glitch in the program) requested a more selfish money allocation for a future task than did participants who lost the game for a fair reason, and this effect was again mediated by entitlement.

via Journal of Personality and Social Psychology – Vol 97, Iss 5

Barker said it here.

Quick note: Barker may have been citing the print version. For whatever reason, though, the the article appears online in JPSP Vol 98, Issue 2: Victim entitlement to behave selfishly Zitek, Emily M.; Jordan, Alexander H.; Monin, Benoît; Leach, Frederick R. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol 98(2), Feb 2010, 245-255.

I’m not going to cough up ~$12.00 to read the gated version but while digging around for more information it looks like the same results turn up quite a few similar studies of selfishness, fairness, and sense of entitlement. I ought to add it makes sense because it’s been my intuition, stated repeatedly online and in real life, that privilege and entitlement (stereotypical male in particular, kyriarchal in general) derives more from insecurity and resentment than the stereotypical spoon-in-your-mouth aristocratic sense of “the peasants are revolting.” And finally makes sense because I’ve been around my children and their friends for 13 years now… although that experience might be unscientifically anecdotal. :-)

At any rate, assuming the research supports the conclusion, and assuming it confirms similar prior research, it’s going to supports my contention that those who exercise privilege tend to perceive their actions as defending themselves from unfairness or attack. With the result that asking, say, men to “give up” their privileges never seems to work (and, when it does sort of work, seems really wimpy, half-hearted, or passive-aggressive. Or chivalrous, which would be by far the least productive!)

I think it also supports my developing strategy of attempting to recruit “oppressive” classes with the entirely reasonable (and often easily-observed) point that conditions that are worse for someone don’t necessarily imply that conditions are better for you.

Dumb Question About Privilege

Wed, 2009-09-30 09:02

So I was over at Jill’s I Blame the Patriarchy a couple of minutes ago and she made the point that even BDSM submissive men have privilege.

...whether he likes it or not, when Nigel hoists up his Dockers and saunters out of your dungeon into the public square, he’s enjoying the privileged status he has had the pleasure of internalizing all his life. You are not.

Read the quote in context here.

This is, of course, true in the same sense that her Nigel enjoys privileged status whether he’s sauntering out of a dungeon, sauntering down the aisle of a church, sauntering through the produce section at Whole Foods, or sauntering (or maybe wheeled on a stretcher) out of an alley where he was beaten and robbed.

Anyway, “privilege” is one of those words where I know it’s used in reference to imbalance of privilege — something you’ve got that I don’t, or I’ve got that you don’t. Or we’ve got that they don’t, and so on. And of course one of the fun things about the idea of kyriarchy is that depending on context privilege can be something almost anybody can have next to someone who doesn’t have it.

So what makes my question dumb is that I can’t figure out whether the idea, when the term “privilege” is used to indicate power imbalance, is to extend privilege to those who don’t have it, or take it away from those who do.

Incidentally just because it’s a dumb question doesn’t mean it’s a trivial one. Or a “just semantics” one. In theories of politics there are some pretty strong disagreements about privilege in the context of, say, rights vs. opportunities. For instance to turn an old cliché on its head, even when rich and poor alike have the right to sleep under railroad bridges — or give lap dances in Detroit — it’s generally considered a privilege not to have to do so.

Ily on Ideal Asexuality vs. Everyday Real Asexuality

Fri, 2009-09-04 15:27

Ily of Asexy Beast points out how asexuals are subject to… well… not exactly heteronormativity so let’s call it maybe “sexnormativity.” Whatever you want to call it boils down to pressure felt by asexuals to conform to the expectations of people who aren’t themselves asexual.

Apparently, there’s an ideal asexual. It’s not me, and no offense, but it probably isn’t you either. Who is it, you ask? Well…

Read her whole post here.

It’s a cool, cool post getting into issues of self-doubt, self-censorship and conformity among asexuals. Which you’d think (if we were trying to construct stereotypes of asexuality!) would be silly since (constructing that asexuality again) you’re obviously either asexual or not, right? No? Good answer! Like trying to answer for another whether they’re gay, or kinky, or trans, or even straight, it’s not for for someone else to decide what it means for you to be asexual. Here’s Ily again (emphasis mine.)

I didn’t realize that “trying to be asexual” can actually mean “trying to be an ideal asexual”, and that it could be a problem, until I read this post/manifesto, also on Apositive. Its author talks about how our increased visibility in the media has also led to the rise of an “ideal” or “good” asexual. Of course, this person doesn’t actually exist, because asexuals appearing in the media no doubt conceal aspects of their asexuality that might be seen as contradictory or confusing.

From conversations I’ve had in person and online with asexual people it’s as messy as, well, any other orientation. Which, if you think about it, is only fair — orientation being a quality of human beings and not much about humans is clear cut.

The first out/activist asexual I met when she joined a pre-blogging online forum on sex. She got just about everything in the book thrown at her from neurosis to buried trauma to unfortunate prescriptions to inhibitions to religious zeal to “just haven’t met the right boy/girl/goat” to… well, the book. To be as cheerfully disinterested in sex as she was just really got people’s… well… goats. Anyone else might have withered in the withering criticism she received, and so I can see how the pressure to conform to outsider’s stereotypes could be intense.

But as Ily also hints, in part because asexuality is so unclearly understood, the more “ideal” the definition becomes the more pressure flesh and blood asexuals are going to face. And, perhaps worse, it raises the risk that people who might otherwise find comfort, camaraderie, and identity are likely to think “well, that can’t be me either.”

And if all that sounds familiar…

On Trying to "Console" the Transgendered, Asexual, and Other "Others"

Wed, 2009-04-15 09:43

Reflecting on some boneheaded insensitivity to transgender issues raised in the L-Word final season Ily of asexy beast makes a connection to the way she’s often treated as an asexual, and comes to an insight with even broader applications towards orientation, identity, as well as the (inappropriate, unwanted) utility well-meaning others assign can assign to you.

Once I started on this train of thought, I realized that a large proportion of the unwanted things people say when we come out are actually attempts to make us feel better. Maybe this is obvious, but since I tend to assume everyone knows the same things I know, it took me awhile to figure out. Being told “You’re just a late bloomer” is supposed to give us hope, as is “You just haven’t found the right person yet.” If the other person can convince us that asexuality doesn’t exist, we’re supposed to find that a huge relief. Uh…no. Someone with little understanding of asexuality might think it’s a negative thing, and assume that we want to be talked down off the edge of identifying as such.

She said it here.

Good points. We tend to do a lot of that, to a lot of people. Ily mentions her exasperation upon being told when she mentioned her asexuality “But! Straight men would want to date you!” Yes, no doubt that’s true. Goodness knows enough gay women are told the same. As trans men and women are told “you’re fine just the way you are.” As men expressing emotion are told to “suck it up.” As children are told “you’d be prettier if you tied your hair back.” All well-intentioned, sure, but intentioned far more for the consolation of the beholder than for the “consoled.”

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