two-sphere model of gender

The Bogus Two Rules of Desire and That Study About Couples, Sex, and Household Chores

Photo by Flickr user marsmet462. Cached as a bandwidth-conserving courtesy
Photo by Flickr user marsmet462. Used under a Creative Commons license.

Echidne says

Not a single popularization I saw suggested this:  Women!  Do more traditional female chores and you get more sex!  But that's also the implied conclusion of the study.

Source: Echidne of the Snakes

That's because we all know why no woman would ever do anything to get more sex!

The very idea is inconceivable!

Echidne also notes the consistency with which men doing any kind of chores is referred to as "helping around the house." Because, you know, that's the only reason women ever "give" sex -- as payment for help with their job around the house: housekeeping.

In my necessarily anecdotal experience, doing all the chores, half the chores, the "manly" half of the chores, doing the "womanly" ones, or or doing no chores around the house whatsoever has never had any effect on the frequency of sexual activity with any of my domestic partners. Nor the enthusiasm level. Nor, when there was a lack of it, the lack of enthusiasm.

And while my experience might be anecdotal it's also noteworthy: if I recall correctly from a radio interview with one of the authors the other day, the difference in frequency is only about two percent. Various decidedly non-sex-related studies including time motion, industrial, and marketing research suggests the average person has difficulty noticing anything less than a 5% change in the frequency of pretty much everything.

Probably not worth the additional aggravation of letting a coffee cup sit next to a sink or leaving a lightbulb un-screwed just because a) it's not your gender's job and b) doing the "wrong" chore might reduce your frequency of having sex, on average, by once every 10-25 weeks.


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What Women Think About Penises That Probably Don't Occur to Most Men

Photo by Flickr user Anne Petersen. Cached as a bandwidth-conserving courtesyPhoto by Flickr user Anne Petersen. Used under a Creative Commons license.

Geekyvamp, commiserating with another woman sex blogger about the number of unsolicited penis photos she gets sent to her Tumblr dashboard, raises and interesting point about how women feel about men's bodies vs. how men feel about our bodies. (Emphasis mine.)

Hah! I often wish I had a dick too, so I could a) not send it to people, and b) have sword fights. I see guys all over my dash playing meat-sword jousty-time, so it must be common, eh?

Source: A Heart Like Crazy Paving

Just because she doesn't like getting unsolicited penis photos doesn't mean GV doesn't like men. Or penises. (The idea that not liking unsolicited penises equals not liking penises at all is, of course, embedded in bogus Rule of Desire #1. Also rape culture. But I repeat myself. And digress...)

Instead GV likes penises, and men, quite a lot. In fact she thinks we can be pretty hot. In ones, and, as in the case of men playfully sword-fighting each other with their penises, in multiples. (See for instance her animated outtakes from Supernatural.)

I'm pretty sure most hetero Anglo/Austro/American men don't spend much time thinking about sword-fighting each other with our penises. (Hmm... there's no doubt about rape culture but I think old 70s-style feminists were mistaken about the part about men routinely regarding our penises as actual weapons. But I'm digressing again...)

As I said before I so rudely interrupted myself (as men evidently do tend to do... Dang it I'm doing it again!)

As I said, again, it's a good bet most hetero men don't think of male/male genital contact as erotic. And it's a sure bet almost no hetero men think such contact would be erotic to women.

There are probably numerous reasons for this -- both Rule 1 (it's simultaneously inconceivable and intolerable for women to have sexual desire) and Rule 2 (it's simultaneously inconceivable and intolerable for men to be sexually desired) play a big role obviously. The accompanying cultural belief (perpetrated not least by Cosmopolitan Magazine) that heterosexuality is all about men's gratification probably contributes to the notion as well.

The biggest reason, I think, is the deep cultural belief that men and women are not just poles apart but whole planets! And so it never occurs to... well... either sex that it stands to reason that if men think female/female contact is erotic, which many men do, then women would be just as likely to be similarly aroused by male/male contact.

And for the same reasons! Especially for hetero men and women! In fact, the more hetero (I'm guessing) the more likely seeing the opposite sexes together is going to seem erotic because sort of by-definition if we're hetero we're not only attracted to the opposite sex we're not particularly attracted to the same sex. Which means that two members of one's opposite rather than one of the opposite and one of your own means not only twice as many of your preferred sex to look at, it also means one less of your non-preferred sex.

Which in turn means less distraction and/or dismay (if you're phobic.) It means less self-conscious comparison. It means no matter how they arrange themselves the view of individuals you want to see aren't obscured by individuals you're indifferent to and/or uncomfortable with (again if you're phobic.) It means no particular source for envy. It means no particular source for competition. It means you can identify with the actions of either partner. And so on.

These are fairly obvious observations. Or would be if we weren't all gendered out the wazoo. When we're gendered, especially when that gendering assigns all sexual focus on one of those genders, then it's not obvious at all.

One area where we are different is plain old anatomy. For this reason in fantasy it's easy to imagine members of the opposite sex doing things actual members of the opposite sex probably wouldn't. Like sword-fighting each other with your erections. Because, gender constructions of brutal, domineering men not withstanding, penises are actually pretty sensitive. And easily sprained or even fractured(!!!)


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Hey Douthat! What Does It Say About Men If Wanting to Work 8 Hours a Day Makes *Women* Decadent?

Photo by Flickr user ppl_ri_images. Cached as a bandwidth-conserving courtesy
Photo by Flickr user Providence Public Library. Used under a Creative Commons license.

No.  Seriously!  If it's right and proper for men to work only 8 hours a day how can it possibly be decadent for women to prefer to work fewer than 16 hours a days serving those men?

Matthew Yglesias rightly flosses Ross Douthat's rear end with barbed wire over his claim that women choose work over marriage and babies because they're decadent:

You show up, you do your work, you get your money, and then you get your time off in which you can do what you want. In a man's voice, the basic vision here would really be exceptional bourgeois. It's not a decadent slacker fantasy, it's a basic work hard and play hard quest for individual autonomy. And it's obviously true that having children—especially a large number of children—would tend to compromise that quest, especially without a male partner willing to fully bear his share of the load. But since you don't need to find a partner as a teenager for economic support, it's easy to spend a bunch of adult years deliberately avoiding settling down (see Hannah Rosin's "Boys on the Side") and then have kids later in life but not so many kids as to be unmanageable.

Source: Slate Magazine

 That's exactly right.  You can argue, as Douthat and other gender conservatives do, that it's the natural order of things for women to become dependent on custodial males while still teenagers.  And by implication you can argue, as Douthat and other gender conservatives do, that it's the natural order of things for men to retain dependent women to watch their children while the men work and then service the men when they return home.  And by implication you can argue, as Douthat and other gender conservatives do, that it's the natural order of things for men to work only 9-5 while beginning in their teenage years women should begin laboring for her husband when she wakes and cease laboring only when she goes to sleep.

You can argue those things if you like.  And Douthat and other gender conservatives seem to really, really like to argue those things.

But you can't then turn around and say it's decadent for women to want to enjoy same work/leisure balances men already enjoy!

Don't get me wrong.  As a very prudish libertine I'm actually nearly as wary of decadence as they come.  But to say it's decadent for women to want the same work/leisure ratios men want, as Douthat and other gender conservatives do, is to imply men who already enjoy such work and leisure are also and already decadent.  Not just decadent in some equalitarian future, which, sorry, isn't terribly well-distributed yet.  But decadent now.  And decadent in the past.

Sorry Ross.  But if you want to play that game then you're going to have to explain how it makes women but not men weak to work only the eight hours men work now.  You're going to have to explain how it makes men but not women weak to have to spend after-work hours washing socks, cooking food, tending to children, and making sure their partners are sexually satisfied.

I'll ask that question again: If it's right and proper for men to work only 8 hours a day how can it possibly be decadent for women to prefer to work fewer than 16 hours a days serving those men?


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Because Only Men Have Careers Only Men Put Their Careers On the Line When They Have Affairs... Oh Wait!

More on the Allen/Broadwell/Kelly/Petraeus (in alphabetical order) kerfuffle from gender-determinism skeptic Echidne says

Take what is currently known (or asserted):  David Petraeus, a married man, had an affair with Paula Broadwell, a married woman.  It is argued that Paula Broadwell, a married woman, sent threatening messages to Jill Kelley, another married woman, to warn her off Petraeus.  Jill Kelley, a married woman,  may have exchanged "inappropriate" e-mails with John Allen, a married man.  None of these people are married to each other.

...

I understand the angle of these stories. It's Petraeus and Allen who are famous and well-known and they are men. But the facts of the case suggest that we should also ask why women cheat, given that all alleged participants in this mess had marital partners. Broadwell, too, seems to have "risked it all" to cheat: her marriage, her career as a biographer and the risk of the kind of public attention she is now receiving. Her position may not look as powerful to us but in terms of her own life the risks she took were huge.

Source: Echidne of the Snakes

Echidne points out what would probably be obvious minus the knee-jerk knee-squeezing twittery: It takes two to tango...

Heck, as she puts it

As I mentioned, I get the angle of these stories. But it takes two to tango, and in heterosexual extramarital affairs both partners can be married. Thus, the questions those headlines ask about men cheating disguise the fact that we should ask similar questions about women cheating.

I mean, seriously!!! So far everyone involved has had some degree of professional credibility and respect on the line. You have to be... well, there aren't a lot of choices here besides being head-up-your-butt invested in misogyny, head-and-shoulders-up-your-butt stupid, or maybe all-but-your-ankles-up-your-butt invested in the cheapest-possible interpretation of "evolutionary psychology" to miss the oh, gee, wow, surprising similarities between the behavior of the various career men and women involved.

Maybe it's because both women and men are, you know, people.

Naah.  The other possible explanations about genes or gender-determinism are so much more complicated they must be true.


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Yikes! Using Pope John Paul II's Reasoning, If Women Shouldn't Be Priests He Still Probably Shouldn't Have Been One Either!

Speaking of that article about of male Catholic clergy (literally!) Lording it over their female counterparts, I still really balk at the Church's fundamental justification for a) objecting to the positions (some) nuns are taking and b) for allowing only male clergy to "rewriting the group's statutes, reviewing all its plans and programs — including approving speakers — and ensuring the organization properly follows Catholic prayer and ritual."  From the same Seattle Times article...

"Some commentaries on 'patriarchy' distort the way in which Jesus has structured sacramental life in the church," the authors of the report wrote.

This almost certainly refers to Pope John Paul II's 1994 invocation of "infallability" that since Jesus selected only male apostles he must have explicitly intended that only men could be priests.  This has never particularly held water for me.  For instance, the later ministry of Paul to the Gentiles notwithstanding, while Jesus had many admirers from all over, not only did he select only men as apostles, he also selected only practicing Jews as apostles.  And while Jesus had many admirers he selected only Jewish men from the vicinity of Galilee.  (Ok, except for Judas, who was from Kerioth of Judah in Hebron, but how did he work out!?!?!)

And yet John Paul never balked at the ordination of non-Jewish priests or of priests who had never even seen the Sea of Gallilee, let alone grown up around it.

This is not, incidentally, a minor issue.  Because while at several points in the Gospels Jesus expresses toleration for gentiles he couldn't be more clear about the intensity or the scope of his focus on the Jews of Israel.

Thus while there really isn't any reason to belief that Jesus was disinterested in the salvation of gentiles his express selection of only Israeli Jewish apostles is at least as unambiguous as his selection of only male apostles.

Jesus certainly never appointed a Polish gentile any more than he appointed an Israelite Jewish woman, yet John Paul II never questioned his own claim to the priesthood, let alone the infallibility of his pronunciation against women.

Despite having carefully read the Church's arguments I happen to believe John Paul II was entirely suitable to have been ordained as a priest, same as all other non-Jewish, non-Gallilee-native priests.  However, having read the same arguments I believe the only reasons women of faith continue to be excluded from the priesthood are based not on Jesus's choices but instead on hubris, over-reliance on tradition, and a peculiar argument against the possibility that Jesus could accidentally have made a mistake that has perpetuated for 60 generations... and a giant, walloping dose of self-serving, pulling-up-the-ladder patriarchal distortion.


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This Three Year Old Girl Has No Problem Getting It -- So What's Wrong With Grown-ups?

Lisa Wade says

Her Dad corrects her, saying “Boys, well, boys want both…”

But her Dad is wrong.  Boys in the U.S. are taught from a very early age to avoid everything associated with girls.  Being called a “girl” is, in itself, an insult to boys.  And the slurs “sissy” and “fag” are reserved for men who act feminine.  So, no, boys (who have learned the rules of how to be a boy) generally reject anything girly.  (Indeed, this was one of the themes of Jimmy Kimmel “bad present” prank played by parents on their kids.)

The girl’s Dad, however, articulates a symmetrical analysis. The idea is that there are gender stereotypes — ones that apply to boys and ones that apply to girls — and that both are inaccurate, unfair, and constraining.  His mistake is in missing the asymmetrical value placed on masculinity and femininity.  Boys and girls are simply not positioned equally in relationship to stereotypes of femininity and masculinity.

Source: Sociological Images

 

What I sort of want to know is... given how totally full of awesome this kid is at, what, age three or maybe early four, why on this big blue marble would anyone mind being associated with girls, being a girl, being mistaken for a girl, admiring the dickens out of girls, and so on. And why would anyone waste an average of .5 liters of tidal volume wishing they had more sons instead of daughters, or selectively fucking aborting daughters, etc.?

You know what's really great about that video? She could have been my daughter at that age, who certainly made observations that astute. And you know what's great about that? Neither the girl in the video nor my daughter are curve-bending prodigies -- they're perfectly normal, perfectly sensible human beings who are special as possible to their loved ones but nothing like unique. Which is good because if they were prodigies there might be some excuse for excepting them but still grubbing every other human with XX pairing at the 23rd chromosome.*

Instead girls rock because people rock. Sure, some rock more than others... because some people rock more than others. Still no cause for culturally drowning girls... and only girls, naturally... in a deep pink sea.

* For starters. There are plenty of other ways of designating "girls" for the purpose of discriminating. But XX chromosomes are pretty representative so let's start there.


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Echidne on the Construction of Essential Genderism (Body Hair Edition)

Echidne of the Snakes, riffing on anti-feminist angst over women’s armpits, says something deep and true about what the “shaving” wars say about the effort required to construct gender from the mostly-undifferentiated material of corporeal humanity.

I would love to stop discussing the “to shave or not” topic in feminist circles and to start focusing more on what the ridiculing opposition is really saying. Just think about it for a few seconds. Their message is that it is not nature that defines what a woman is, but they, the namers and deciders. And they have decided that a woman in this culture should be without body hair but with very large and perky breasts and basically no hips. It is not some historical or theological concept of womanliness but a purely cultural one, and it is based on the accentuation of gender differences, with a few cultural quirks thrown in.

I see an analogous case in the discussion about cognitive differences between men and women. The anti-feminist point is always to try to make women and men into two quite different species, two “opposite sexes” as the saying goes, whereas the evidence I’ve studied and my life experiences all suggest that men and women are like two overlapping Venn diagrams in almost everything. Partly different and partly the same. This messiness, like armpit hairs on women, is unacceptable to the patriarchal mind.

She said it here.

Once again it’s not that there are no differences between men and women. It’s that the real differences are enough. Oh yeah! And hooray for all of our respective orientations and our shouldn’t-be-surprising discernment of those we’re drawn to. By which I mean there are enough differences that it’s foolish, willful, conceited, and fundamentally insecure about or orientations and of those around us to require more than nature gives us.

And once again it’s not that there’s no need nor interest in decoration of ourselves, others, or our environs. Quite the opposite — decoration appears to be a fundamental quality of humanity!

But while referencing the expectation that we participate in gender construction, Echidne puts the problem in context (even more emphasis mine)

...we all know how a real man will not wear pink (in this culture and time period) or lace (in this culture and time period) or skirts (in this culture and time period).

Sticking with hair for the moment, the classic example being that in some cultures in the world today men can be punished for having a beard on the one hand (in most of the U.S. military, for instance) yet be punished for not having a beard in others (in most of Taliban-controlled Afghanistan and Pakistan, for instance.) Another being that for women to have no body hair is considered sexy in some parts of the world (white America for instance) because of its association with high-status femininity while in other parts of the world (white/European South America for instance) women’s body hair is associated with high-status femininity because “native” South American women are believed to have relatively sparse body hair.

In each case, in each culture, in each time, in each location, gender might be constructed, yeah. But if it’s constructed differently in different places…

Sigh.

You know what’s most peculiar of all? For roughly 99.999% of the .001% of cases where for whatever reason someone else’ biological sex really matters, but where for some reason you’re not able to tell, you can usually ask.


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It's Not About Luck: "Sharing Domestic Tasks" vs. Just Plain "Living With Domestic Tasks"

Jay, guest posting at Feministe, just cross-posted something she wrote on her home blog, Two Women Blogging, back in 2007. It was good then, it’s good now. It begins (emphasis hers)...

“Aren’t you lucky! He helps around the house!”

Yup. He helps. Because picking up his laundry, cooking his meals, paying his bills, and raising his child is by rights my job. Of course, my laundry and bills and meals are my job, too. Along with the playdates and the grocery shopping and scheduling babysitters. But he helps! Wow!

“You must have trained him well”.

That’s it. Exactly. I held a chocolate chip cookie in front of his nose, and every time he washed a dish or put away a T-shirt I gave him the cookie, patted him on the head and said “good husband! Good boy!” until he wagged his, um, tail.

She said it here.

It gets better from there so go ahead and read the whole thing.

And here’s the tricky bit. For all the years I’ve been a stay-at-home dad, and for all the years I’ve heard people say similar things to my partner, I’ve never heard a man say them.

In fact in all these years I think the only man who wasn’t also a stay-at-home dad who’s really said anything about it that’s registered was my father who told me his biggest regret was that he didn’t have more time to spend with us when my siblings and I were little… that the courses for he and my mom had seemed foreordained… that I might never know how lucky I was. But I digress…

I don’t think there’s anything laudable about men never commenting on my “helping around the house.” Surveys suggest men either think they’re doing their part by bringing home the bacon, or else they think they’re contributing something closer to 50% of domestic tasks… even though the actual figures are closer to 25-33%.

But boy have I heard those “you’re so lucky” remarks from other women. And those “you must have trained him well.”

I don’t even think there’s anything particularly ominous about that either. Women, even professional women, even women who themselves have never done a day of housework but instead hire out housecleaners and nannies, perceive other women as primarily responsible for the domestic sphere. Even when their partners don’t hold them responsible for it other women do.

The point being that patriarchy is a co-ed affair. The point being that the establishment of privilege is too. The point being that it’s not enough to fighting stereotypes of women.

Jay concluded her post with

If [her partner] Sam were writing this, he’d rant about the people who think he’s “babysitting” when he takes care of his own child. He’d tell you that men who can’t be left alone with their infants should be ashamed of their incompetence. He’d repeat the story about our first post-adoption visit with the social worker, the one who asked him what parts of parenting he didn’t participate in. He always says that at first he didn’t even understand the question, and then he got angry at the suggestion that he wouldn’t be a full part of parenting our child. And he’s sincere about all of it. He accepts housework as part of his responsibility, just like it’s part of mine, and he loves to cook as much as he enjoys building fences. He’d also point out the flip side of this assumption – that he’s somehow less a man because he “helps”.

But all of that serious talk might make male privilege visible. It might make women actually think that they don’t have to do all the housework, that their male partners could participate and the world wouldn’t come to an end. And we can’t have that. No making the patriarchy uncomfortable; wouldn’t be prudent. Besides, I have to go set the table now. Sam made dinner, and emptied the dishwasher, and fed the dogs while I was writing this. And he went to the grocery store this afternoon so I could stay home and watch the baseball game. I am lucky; he’s kind and generous and he’s a damn good cook. But don’t tell me he’s helping.

It’s not just women who are “lucky” to have partners like Sam who’ll share the burden. First of all, it’s hard to even call it a burden when it’s shared — then it’s not about being a woman or being a man, it’s just about being alive in a world with entropy in it. Second, though, is that, as my father, said Sam’s lucky. I’m lucky. We get to do what we are good at, instead of what fairy tales say we’re supposed to be. Same with our partners.

The trick is that, sure, a lot of men don’t get that. But a lot of women, even women who ought to know better, don’t get it either.

That’s part of the work too.


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For Better or Worse Pedophile Priests Should Stop Panicking About the Ordination of Women

Monica Potts of TAPPED passes along word that the Vatican’s new anti-sex-abuse policies also deals with a problem they see as even more equally pernicious.

...the attempted ordination of women as a “grave crime” subject to the same set of procedures and punishments meted out for sex abuse.

Read the quote in context here.

Hey, how about a nice round of screw you to those stupid little in-denial closet pedophiles and the (hobby)horses they rode up on?

I mean, yeah, if an unseemly taste for children, an abiding distaste for women, and a misunderstanding so deep that I couldn’t understand that when given the opportunity women in authority can sexually abuse boys with no less aplomb than men, then I’d be absolutely freaked out at the prospect of women as professional peers who might blow the whistle on me. And all things considered it’s easy to imagine that’s really what the Bishops and Cardinals are most concerned about. Even though they needn’t be.

And why yes, I am in rather a bad mood about this. Oddly, their main excuse for not ordaining women into the priesthood is that Jesus chose no women Disciples. This despite the fact that to the best of our knowledge none of Jesus’s Disciples were pedophiles either. And yet they’ve never threatened to excommunicate pedophiles… or for that matter the priests who ordained them… or for that matter the bishops, cardinals, and Popes who’ve whitewashed the whole sorry sex-abuse enterprise.

And why yes, my main point would just happen to be that archaic religious conceits about gender notwithstanding, the downsides of gender equivalence demonstrate the undeniability of gender equivalence just as much as the myriad upsides do. It’s not that there are no differences between men and women — at the very least the fact that every human being who’s ever existed has been a product of the union of biological male and female gametes makes that sort of irrefutable. The question instead is whether the differences are significant enough to warrant excluding one sex and privileging another, and the answer there is also irrefutably no.

Did I mention I was in a bad mood about this?


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From Asinine to Insane: How Social Policies About Single Fathering Harm All Parents and Their Children

Monica Potts of TAPPED nails the right policy solutions for an otherwise typically, sullen, stupid MRA policy initiative — “financial abortions” for men who don’t want to be responsible parents if their partners become pregnant.

This seems like the wrong solution to a very real problem for low-income fathers. It assumes men should be able to decide not to be fathers but that they can’t do anything to prevent it, i.e., using birth control regularly. That’s an argument for male contraception — a male pill, but also an argument for making condoms increasingly pervasive and expanding access to sex education. It’s also an argument for helping low-income fathers provide the financial support they’re required to by assisting them with services that would help move them out of poverty, or make poverty less devastating.

She said it here.

The problem for men is real enough. Aside from condoms, vasectomies, and not having fluid-exchanging sex there really isn’t much heterosexual men can do to avoid unplanned, unwanted pregnancies. And one result of that seems to be a sort of passive-aggressive resentment that meshes all too well with the traditional view that everything related to pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting is womens’ responsibility. Which is why I like Potts’ take so much.

Aside: This isn’t the main point but she mentioned it first: Potts is right that men really do need more contraception options. For all the whining about men’s irresponsibility for fertility I remain seriously confident that if men had additional options that fell between the permanence and convenience curves of condoms and surgery they’d stop being so passive-aggressive about it and stop being so blazé at other men’s learned-helplessness about it. But that’s not what this post is about. But I digress…

What’s even more important, and even less broadly recognized than the limits on male contraception, is Potts’s point that low-income fathers, as well as pending and potential ones, need financial assistance as well!

I don’t know how many of you have studied the history of welfare or financial assistance but one of the reasons it’s been historically so draconian for women has been a social construction that mandates men as providers. In the 19th Century aid societies initiated the practice of surprise and midnight “bed checks” of women with dependent children to insure they really were widowed or abandoned. The idea that an able-bodied man, no matter how destitute and no matter how unemployed, might benefit directly from charity was anathema. As was the perhaps even more shameful and/or “immoral” prospect of his wife and children receiving food or shelter that he “should” have been able to provide.

And who knows, maybe you could make a case that it made sense back when women could only earn 7 cents for every dollar of equal work men could earn rather than 77 cents today. But income parity really is converging especially in the low-wage/low-income environments we’re talking about, it makes less and less sense to do so now that the “breadwinner”/“homemaker” dichotomy is even more mythical than it once was.

Anyway the whole notion of a “financial divorce” from child-rearing is such a psychotically gendered notion in the first place! Current biases against preparing low-income men for possible single and/or unmarried-to-the-mother parenthood are also similarly gender biased. And in both types of bias not only do men remain alienated from their own progeny, and not only do they maintain assumptions about mothers as “nurturing” and fathers as either supporters or abandoners, they also rather perpetuate policies that are intentionally (“financial abortion”) or unintentionally punitive against women and children.


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