Scents and Non-scents

Fri, 2008-08-15 16:13

Commons
Photo “Drue checks Heather’s pheromones” by Flickr user Brouhaha (Jonathan). Used under a Creative Commons license.

Oh Noes! Teh Pill! It affects Woemenz Nozez! ZOMG!**

Because you know what windup little smell-driven automatons women are. Because without that nasty Pill bollixing your nostrils you’d all go back to sticking with your partners no matter how big an asshole they turned out to be. Better outlaw them pills then.

Whatevs.

Actually, I heard about the study, or maybe something along the same lines, some time last Winter, before it got picked up and politicized as some kind of reason women shouldn’t be allowed to take the pill. Instead fellow classmate brought it up during her student research presentation on the effect of scent on sexual arousal.

The way she told it was that non-pregnant women are often more attracted to the smell of men who are genetically unlike them, but when they are they prefer the scent of men they’re more closely related to. She said that since hormonal birth control simulates pregnancy that going on the pill can alter one’s preference for the scent of one’s partner.

That actually made sense, and a number of women in the class nodded and said they’d noticed something like that when going on or off the pill during a relationship.

But here’s the deal: neither the presenter nor anyone who nodded their heads indicated it was a particularly big deal.

Which suggests, as with the stupid oxytocin-burnout argument for (only women, naturally) avoiding multiple partners***, the scent-preference-altering phenomenon, even if it does exist, can’t be all that strong, right? I mean think about how the ‘winger vision’s supposed to go

A) Non-pregnant women like the way unrelated men smell, so
B) They form lifelong, abstinenet-till-marriage, monogamous-afterwards relationships with these unrelated men, and
C) Become pregnant, whereupon according to these theories
D) Their scent preferences just as they would during pill-induced artificial preference change meaning… what?
E) While they lose interest in these genetically heterodox-scented partner for the duration of their pregnancies?

Except, well
F) I don’t think it works that way. Or
G) If it does it’s not a very strong effect, because
H) Pregnant women would always avoid their genetically heterodox-scented husbands and hang out with their genetically “homodox”-scented male relatives, which
I) We don’t, um, actually see because
J) Scent isn’t the only attraction criteria in the first place, nor
K) Even if scent was the only criteria items A-I suggest it couldn’t be terribly determinative because, y’know, most people stay together
L) Whether they’re pregnant, or on the pill, or not

[** In other words a lot of people have been commenting on the peculiar conclusion anti-contraceptive types have drawn about a very small, not-even-all-that-recent study about hormonal contraception and scent. —fl]

[** The claim is that repeated oxytocin release with multiple partners causes women to burn out on romance. The fly in that ointment is that pregnancy releases a gazillion times more oxytocin and yet after birth most women a) continue to harbor romantic feelings after birth and b) consider having additional children. Part b being, for me, the bigger deal breaker. If a little too much oxytocin is supposed to make one unable to form romantic attachments ever again then lots more of the same stuff ought to make women disinclined to get pregnant again or, especially, disinclined to love subsequent children. And not to put too fine a point on it, in most cases where we encounter women burning out on romance or childbearing the reasons tend to be a lot more clear cut than hormone-receptor exhaustion. But I digress… —fl]

Submitted by 2340 (not verified) on Sat, 2008-08-16 09:24.

The scent study - or at least the popular reporting on it - makes no mention of possible confounders. I can think of several: Soap. Showers. Antiperspirants. Aftershave. And those are *just on the olfactory level*, never mind the social factors you mentioned.

I know this is tangential, but the oxytocin science is much more interesting, even though the "burnout" thesis is pretty obviously bunk. I do think there's substance to the idea that the oxytocin released in orgasm can create a bond. I'm not willing to believe that this is a wholly female phenomenon, given that men produce oxytocin, too, though women's higher levels might explain why women are quicker to fancy themselves "in love."

Just speaking from my own experience, I know I can have sex with someone once and not get attached. Several times, and I'm on a slippery slope to caring about him whether that's a smart idea or not. The flip side is that any partner who has inspired orgasms eventually acquires the power to hurt me - again, whether that's reasonable or not.

Submitted by 2340 (not verified) on Sat, 2008-08-16 10:29.

Just a thought - do the pheromones released also change during the menstruation or pregnancy cycles, so that it might be suggested to have an effect on men? Did anybody even think to do a study on that?

Submitted by 2340 (not verified) on Sat, 2008-08-16 14:52.

Sungold, I recently went to a public lecture by Paul Zak, who studies the effect of oxytocin on cooperation. There's a cool Scientific American writeup of his research here. Basically, shooting oxytocin up people's noses makes them more likely to trust a stranger in a lab game. He reports a gender difference in the article, but it has nothing to do with women's higher basal levels of oxytocin. (Apparently what matters is change in oxytocin level, rather than absolute level.) But men get physically angry in response to being distrusted, while women tend to respond negatively but more "coolly". The mechanism that leads to men getting upset is a molecule called dihydrotestosterone, which seems to act as a blocker for oxytocin receptors.

Submitted by 2340 (not verified) on Sat, 2008-08-16 15:59.

Interesting point about the change in levels being the key variable. With regard to possible sex differences in response to oxytocin, I've been thinking about how women's libido depends crucially on testosterone - just as men's does - but a much, much lower absolute level of T is sufficient for a woman to have a robust libido. Women's average testosterone levels are dramatically lower than men's, but our sex drives aren't *that* much lower in the aggregate - certainly nowhere near proportionately lower - which suggests (as far as I understand it) that women's bodies may respond more sensitively to testosterone. I am *really* not an expert on endocrinology, but I wonder if men might similarly be more sensitive to fluctuations in oxytocin?

Submitted by 2340 (not verified) on Sun, 2008-08-17 14:15.

Good question. I'm not sure what the answer is; I'm an amateur at this myself. It sounded like they were giving men and women the same dose in Zak's experiment, and with roughly the same effects. I think someone has also shown that women release more oxytocin in response to non-sexual massage than men, but I'm having trouble digging up the reference.

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